个人利益最大化

经济人假设是人们在从事经济活动时候追逐个人利益最大化。

Economic man assumption is that when people engage in economic activities , pursue personal interests of the maximum .

道德建设既要加强道德教育，又要遵从个人利益最大化原则。

Morals construction should be strengthened ethical education , as well as comply with the maximized principle of the individual interests .

当事人的诉讼目的在于花费其最少的成本而获得一个实现其个人利益最大化的裁决。

Litigation of the parties aim to spend the least time and cost to obtain a ruling maximize their personal interests .

因此，必须避免经营者因追求个人利益最大化而损害旅游企业长期盈利能力的行为。

So the managerial actions that damaged the profits of the tourism companies for pursuing the maximum personal benefit must be avoided .

总的来说，这就是一个利益博弈的过程，双方的行为选择及态度都体现了对个人利益最大化的追求。

General speaking , it is a benefit game . The behaviors and attitudes from two parties will embody the pursuit of maximizing individual benefits .

功利上：保护艾滋病病毒感染者和病人可以促进他们个人利益最大化，更可以直接或间接地促进社会利益的最大化。

From the pragmatism position : protect HIV Carriers and AIDS Patients can promote their individual benefit maximization , therefore promote social benefit maximization directly or indirectly .

传统经济学理论是以理性人假设为前提，认为人是完全理性完全追求个人利益最大化的个体。

Traditional economic theory is based on " rational man " premised on the assumption that people are perfectly rational maximization entirely personal interests of the individual .

作为社会性的动物，人在进行决策时不只是追求个人利益最大化，同时也会表现出对公平和利他的偏好。

As social animals , when making decisions , human beings not only concern about the maximization of self interest , but also show preference for fairness and altruism .

研究所含的经济意义和实际意义，那就是公平是如何产生的？局中人各自追个人利益最大化的过程为什么会产生公平的结果。

Studying the economic significance and practical significance , which is how fair product ? Why have the fair product in the process of players pursue the personal interest maximization respectively ?

建立在个人利益最大化基础上的经济学理论遇到了不少矛盾，应在以共同利益最大化的合作思想基础上重构经济学体系。

The economic theory based on the maximization of individual interests has encountered a lot of contradictions . And the system of economics should be reconstructed on the bases of cooperative thought of the maximization of common interests .

新古典经济理论认为，市场经济主体追求个人利益最大化，可以协调个人利益与社会利益之间的冲突，最终实现社会利益最大化的均衡状态。

The new classical economics claims that the behaviors that individuals seek for their interests ' maximization , can harmonize the conflicts between individual interests and social interests , and also can realize the equilibrium of social optimum .

在控权-服务论的视野中，行政法主体作为追求个人利益最大化的理性经济人，在行政法的指引下不自觉地促进了公共利益。

In the horizon of the theory of power control plus service , administrative body as the rational economic man to pursue maximize personal interests , unconsciously promoted the public interest under the guidance of the administrative law .

过度投资行为指管理者为了追求个人利益最大化而对净现值小于零的项目进行投资；投资不足指管理者为了避免投资失败所带来的私人成本而放弃净现值大于零但风险较大的投资项目。

Over investment means that managers invest in the project on the net present value is less than zero in order to pursue personal interests , inadequate investment means managers give up the net present value is greater than zero investment to avoid failure .

大股东监督激励的弱化甚至丧失，导致大股东偏离全体股东利益最大化或企业效率最大化目标，转而依托现有企业组织来实施个人利益最大化行为，与经理合谋成为其理性反应。

The motivation of supervision fading out even disappearing , leads large shareholders deviating from the purpose of maximizing the benefit of the whole shareholders or maximizing the efficiency of the enterprise , turning to realize the maximum individual benefit based on the existing organization .

股权激励机制将公司所有者和经营者的利益结合在一起，在降低委托代理成本的同时对经营者进行有效的长期激励，实现股东价值最大化和经营者个人利益最大化的统一。

Equity incentive mechanism tie in the owner and manager together , as a result , the agency cost has been cut down while managers have been motivated effectively in a long time , then achieve the unify of the maximization of value by shareholders and managers .

委托人如何设计一套行之有效的激励约束机制，最大限度地使代理人在争取个人利益最大化的同时努力实现企业利润的最大化是一个亟待解决的问题。

The clients how to design a set of effective incentive system and restraint mechanisms to meet the agents ' order that maximize the individual interests of enterprises and to maximize profit at the same time now becomes to the first problem which the company to solve .

环境和资源具有典型的公共物品特征，使用者对其消费是非竞争和非排他的，人人都希望免费搭车，无节制地争夺有限资源，追求个人利益最大化，最终导致所有人福利的降低。

The environmental and natural resources have typical feature of public goods , people consume them with non-competition and non-exclusiveness , everyone wants to become free rider , fight for limited natural resources without control , seek for the maximal personal benefit , which lead to lower welfare at last .

道德不是追求个人物质利益最大化的手段。

The morals are not means to pursue the maximized personal material interests .

在一般均衡对价格分析中，个体理性得以充分肯定，无论是个人物质利益最大化还是个人效用最大化；

Individual rationality for the classic price analysis in general equilibrium was affirmed , whatever the rationality is maximization of individual substance interest or maximization of individual utility .

而新制度经济学则只偏重个人对物质利益最大化追求的抽象分析，却抹煞了个人物质利益现实的社会性内容。

The new systemic economics , the author maintains , only emphasizes abstract analysis of persuasion of maximum personal material interests , while neglects the social aspects of personal material interests in reality .

尽管农民不能实现个人利益的绝对最大化，但农民会追求一种相对最大化。这种利益相对最大化实质体现为相对损失最小化。2、推广生物农药的效益由经济效益和社会效益构成。

Although fanners do not maximize the private-profit from the process absolutely , they have to pursue a relative maximization of the benefit , which , in fact , means minimizing the relative loss . 2 The benefit of bio-pesticide adoption consists of economic benefit and social benefit .

经济人假说强调人在经济活动中的自利动机和理性能力，相信个人在追求自己利益最大化的过程中会增进他人和社会的利益。

The " economic person " hypothesis emphasizes the person in economic activities of from benefit motive with reasonableness ability .

在大都市的商业氛围与货币原则熏陶下，上海市民逐渐养成理性精神，追求个人合理主义与社会合理主义，即个人利益最大化与社会规范化运行的实现。

And influenced by the commercial atmosphere and money rule , old Shanghai citizens grew rational spirits to realize the rationalism of individuals and society .