法线

沿法线方向改进非DEA有效DMU

A Method Which Improves Non-effective DMU Along Normal Direction

GPS是典型的大地测量手段，其控制成果属于法线系统，全站仪观测值则是属于垂线系统。

The GPS is typical geodetic survey method , its results belong to the Normal system , and the total station observations belong to the Vertical system .

基于MATLAB的阿基米德螺旋面法线和切平面的求解研究

Study of Solving Normal Line and Tangent Plane of Archimedes Helicoid Based on MATLAB

引入牛顿法线化N－S方程，使得用有限元离散后的大型代数方程组线性化，用高斯－赛德尔迭代法求解。

The Newton 's method is employed to linearize N-S equations , the finite element method is used to obtain discretized equations .

介绍采用线阵CCD传感器的投影放大法线径测量系统的信号处理方法。

A signal process method in diameter measurement system using projection and magnification method with linear CCD sensor .

然后又通过B样条曲线拟合技术对初始边界曲线进行了光顺，并求出光顺后边界线的切矢及法线方向，进而构造出边界曲线的等距线。

On the basis of this , the initial boundary curve is faired by use of B-spline fitting technology and the offset curve of the initial border curve is constructed .

B样条曲线的型值点由每个肽平面上的CA原子决定，飘带模型的法线与肽平面的法线平行。

B-Spline guide point is based on the CA atoms of each peptide planes . The ribbon plane is parallel to the main plane of each peptides .

采用这种方法所计算的实时动态单点定位精度在运动轨迹向量的法线方向上可以达到5m以内。

The precision in the normal direction of locus vector is within 5 m.

C上不能引其外向测地法线的点组成C上的零测度集合3.C上几乎处处存在内侧的测地曲率。

The set of all the points on C has no exterior geodesic normal and no set of measure of zero can be formed on C. 3 . There nearly exists everywhere on C the inner side geodesic curvature .

三维数值模型给出的应变分布不同于基于Kirchhoff－Love直法线假设的经典层合板理论给出的应变分布。

The strain distribution of the 3-D numerical model is different from the strain hypothesis of the classical laminate theory based on the Kirchhoff-Love hypothese : of straight inextensional normals .

论述了Zernike拟合时的方向问题，计算了法线方向的面形误差；

The direction question for Zernike polynomials fit is discussed and the surface error in the normal direction is deduced .

文中介绍以线阵CCD作为光电传感器的投影放大法线径测量系统，着重分析提高系统稳定性和测量精度的方法。

This paper introduces the system for diameter measurement using projection and magnification method with the linear CCD detector . The paper mainly discusses the method of improving the accuracy and stability .

对GPS测量数据后处理过程中产生的投影变形问题进行了探讨，并提出了解决办法。并且推导了按各点的法线投影的单幅图的长度变形公式。

This paper discusses the effect of length distortion in GPS survey projection to transmission line aerial survey , and tells us how to avoid it And the formulas of the length distortion are also given .

这些膜的双轴织构用X射线极图分析、φ-扫描作了测定，观测到了MgO[001]方向相对于衬底法线倾斜了31°。

The biaxial texture feature of the films was examined by X-ray pole-figure analysis and - scan . A tilt angle of 31 ° of the MgO [ 001 ] with respect to the substrate normal was observed .

定义了崭新的法线测量路径长度方程，并基于该方程提出了解决m约束MCP问题的NMMCP（normalmeasurebasedMCP）算法。

A novel normal measure based path length function is defined and based on it , a normal measure based MCP ( NMMCP ) algorithm is proposed to solve m-constrained MCP problems .

分析了自由设站点位置与精度的关系，并与直接测定方法进行了比较。采用这种方法所计算的实时动态单点定位精度在运动轨迹向量的法线方向上可以达到5m以内。

At last , compar the precision with normal method . The precision in the normal direction of locus vector is within 5 m.

同样尺寸的厚圆盘，利用薄板理论计算出的谐振频率总是高于利用Mindlin理论计算的结果，这也从另外的一方面揭示了直法线假定在这个问题上所起到的作用。

In the same geometry , the resonant frequencies by thin plate theory calculated are always higher than the Mindlin theory calculations .

为了探索超热电子束的传输特性，利用光学CCD相机在靶背法线方向测量了光学渡越辐射积分成像图案。

For exploring the transport characteristic of hot electron bunches , the integrated image pattern of optical transition radiation were measured at the normal direction of the rear side of targets employing the optical CCD camera .

分析表明，振幅误差主要取决于孔径角θ，其他参数如频率f、速度υ、法线距离z等只是有限地影响相位误差。

The analysis showed that the errors of amplitude mainly depend on aperture angle θ, the other parameters such as frequency f , velocity υ and normal distance z only have limited influence on errors of phase .

最后将粒子估计曲线上所有采样点法线的Canny边缘特征位置与估计位置的距离之和作为粒子的权值。

Finally , the particle is weighted by the sum distance between canny feature position and estimated position on the nomal line of sampling points in the curve .

用拟合平面法计算陶器碎片上三维数据点对应的法线，并用Plucker坐标表示；

We calculate the surface normals at every 3D points by fitting planar patches in Plucker coordinates .

利用光学CCD相机和OMA光学多道分析仪，分别在金属箔背表面法线方向测量了光发射的积分成像光谱和散射光光谱。

The integrated image spectrum and scattering light spectrum of optical emission at normal direction from rear-side of a metallic foil were measured , employing optical CCD camera and OMA optical multi-channel spectrometer .

提出了沿法线方向改进非DEA有效DMU的新方法。

This paper present a new method which improve DMU along normal direction , this method can make non-effective DMU to be effective quickly and decrease the variation of input and output .

在研究直齿锥齿轮齿廓曲面形成原理的基础上，建立了其齿面方程与法线方程，并采用Matlab仿真工具对数学模型进行了可视化仿真，验证了该数学模型的正确性。

On the basis of analysis on the formation principle of the tooth profile , equations of the tooth surface and normal line are established . Then visualized simulation of the model is made with Matlab , validating the correctness of the model . 2 .

我们基于改进后的Gerstner模型，生成了一个网格波动的几何表面和一个法线扰动的纹理表面。

Geometric jacquard patterning unit surface with grid fluctuation and Textured surfaces with normal vector disturbance are generated by using improved Gerstner model .

通过试验可以看出，在使用较小的特征空间时，与SVM法线算法和信息增益算法相比，加权SVM法线算法具有更好的特征筛选性能。

The experiment results show that , compared with SVM normal algorithm and information gain algorithm , when a small feature space is applied , the weighed SVM normal algorithm has better feature selection performance than SVM normal algorithm and information gain algorithm .

利用OMA光学多道分析谱仪，分别在激光镜反方向和接近靶面法线方向测量了2倍频谐波的精细结构。

The experiment measured the fine spectrum structure of 2 doubling harmonic at near normal direction of target and reflection direction of laser wave , employing OMA optical multi-channel spectrometer .

计算出造型曲面的切平面位置、法线与分层平面的夹角、Z向法截线的曲率和曲率半径，实现优化分层。

Adaptive slicing is realized by the calculation of the position of tangent plane of modeling surface , the angle of between the normal section line and the slicing plane , the curvature of normal section line in z-axis direction and radius of curvature .

最后讨论了e光线的折射公式与e光波法线的折射定律的等价性，从而说明Fermat原理与光的电磁波理论存在内在的一致性。

The refraction formulas obtained of e rays are proved to related to the law of the refraction of the e wave normals , which shows the Fermat 's principle is intrinsically consistent with the electromagnetic wave theory of light .

通过基片绕支撑杆和基片表面法线旋转，实现了在（100）LaAlO3基片两面同时原位沉积厚度均匀的YBCO薄膜。

By rotating the substrate around the axis of the substrate holder and the normal of the substrate , YBCO thin films on the both sides of ( 100 ) LaAlO 3 substrate were simultaneously deposited .