头孢菌素类

头孢菌素类抗生素的ADR监察

ADR survey of cephalosporins

该菌对丁胺卡那霉素、多粘菌素B及5种头孢菌素类抗菌药物均敏感，但对链霉素等抗菌药物产生耐药，部分菌株出现同时耐受4种以上抗菌药物的现象。

The results showed that all strains were susceptible to Amikacin , Polymyxin B and 5 kinds of cephalosporins but resistant to Streptomycin , etc. Several strains could resist at least 4 kinds of antimicrobic agents .

头孢菌素类PAE很短。

PAE of cephalosporins were short .

在引起ADR的药物中，抗微生物药物出现次数居首位占65.6%，这其中又以头孢菌素类抗生素出现次数最多；

The leading drug that caused ADR was antibiotics ( 65.6 % ) . Among all of these antibiotics , the number of cephalosporins was highest .

甲氧西林敏感表皮葡萄球菌（MSSE）对头孢菌素类、氨基糖苷类、喹诺酮类依然保持较低的耐药率。

MSSE still kept low resistance to cephalosporins , aminoglycosides and quinolones .

方法采用经额和用药频度排序法，对我院急诊中心2003~2005年头孢菌素类药物的使用经额、主要品种及其DDDs值进行分析统计。

Methods Expenses and DDDs of dominating cephalosporins in the emergency center of our hospital from 2003 to 2005 were analyzed .

目的：通过分析上海市药品不良反应中心收到的药品不良反应（ADR）报告中，头孢菌素类抗生素所致的ADR及其相关因素，了解该类药物ADR发生的情况，以减少ADR的发生。

Objective : To investigate the characteristics of adverse drug reaction ( ADR ) induced by cephalosporins through the analysis of ADR reports from ADR Monitoring Centre of Shanghai .

产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）菌33例，阳性率为55.9%，对青霉素类和头孢菌素类耐药率均高于非产酶菌（均P<0.05）。

The resistant rate of ESBLs-producing strains to penicillins and cephalosporins was higher than that of non ESBLs-producing strains ( P < 0.05 , respectively ) .

产ESBLs菌对青霉素类、氨曲南及头孢菌素类抗生素耐药率为56.2%～100%，具有多重耐药特点。

The resistance rates of ESBLs-producing isolates against penicillins , aztreonam and the third generation cephalosporins were about 56.2 % - 100 % , and almost multi-resistant .

头孢菌素类占抗菌药物DDDs最高为45.6%，其次是大环内酯类为33.7%，青霉素类为13.5%。

Cephalosporin medicines took up 45.6 % of anti-infection agents DDDs ; next , Macrolide medicines 33.7 % , Penicillium medicine 13.5 % .

头孢匹罗正是C-3位改造的成功范例，它以其优良的性能成为第四代头孢菌素类抗生素的代表。

A good example of C-3 modification is cefpirome , a representative example of the fourth-generation cephalosporins .

结论：质粒介导的AmpC酶是临床分离的鲍曼不动杆菌对头孢菌素类药物产生严重耐药性的主要因素。

CONCLUSIONS : The β - lactamases AmpC mediated by plasmid would be main factor in the high resistance to cephalosporin of acinetobacter baumannii isolated clinically .

结果193株GBS菌均对青霉素类、头孢菌素类抗生素敏感；但青霉素和氨苄青霉素中介率均为17%；

Results Susceptibility testing revealed that none of the GBS isolates were resistant to β - lactam drugs , but 17 % isolates showed intermediate susceptibility to penicillin G and ampicillin .

大多数超广谱β-内酰胺酶由广谱酶TEM-1、2和SHV-1衍生而来，可以水解氧亚氨基头孢菌素类和单环β-内酰胺类抗生素。

Most ESBLs are derived from TEM-1 , 2 or SHV-1 enzymes and are capable of hydrolyzing oximino-cephalosporins . ESBLs are plasmid-mediated and can be inhibited by β - lactamase inhibitors .

我院住院患者头孢菌素类药物利用分析

Analysis of the Utilization of Cephalosporins in Inpatients of Our Hospital

3种头孢菌素类抗生素治疗下呼吸道感染的成本-效果分析

Cost-effectiveness analysis of three therapeutic schemes for lower respiratory tract infection

头孢菌素类抗菌药物3种方案治疗下呼吸道感染的最小成本分析

Cephalosporins for Lower Respiratory Infection : Cost-Minimization Analysis on 3 Schemes

我院头孢菌素类抗菌药物的使用与细菌耐药情况分析

Analysis on application and bacterial resistance of cephalosporins in our hospital

2003-2005年上海市头孢菌素类抗生素不良反应报告分析

Analysis of adverse drug reaction reports of cephalosporins during 2003-2005 in Shanghai

36例头孢菌素类抗生素不良反应中文文献分析

Analysis of Chinese Literature on Adverse Drug Reaction of Cephalosporins

2005&2008年我院头孢菌素类注射剂应用分析

Analysis of Cephalosporins for Injection in Our Hospital during 2005-2008

头孢菌素类的应用是产生碳青霉烯类耐药的重要危险因素之一。

Application of cephalosporins is an important risk factor of carbapenem resistance .

头孢菌素类与青霉素类抗生素交叉过敏反应的临床观察

Clinical investigation of the cross-hypersensitive reaction between cephalosporins and penicillins

头孢菌素类抗生素的电喷雾多级串联质谱分析

Analysis of Cephalosporins by Electrospray Ionization Multi-stage Tandem Mass Spectrometry

31例头孢菌素类药物致死亡报告分析

Analysis of 31 Death Reports on ADR of Cephalosporin Antibiotics

武汉市7家医院头孢菌素类抗生素的供应调查

Survey on the Supply of Cephalosporins in Seven Hospitals in Wuhan City

目的：调查了解头孢菌素类药物的不良反应情况。

Objective : To investigate the adverse reactions of cephalosporins .

头孢菌素类药对阳性液体培养物直接药敏实验

Direct Antibiotic Susceptibility Test of Cephalosporins to the Microbe-positive Liquid Cultural Substance

我院门诊药局2004&2007年头孢菌素类抗生素利用分析

Analysis of Cephalosporins Antibiotics Used in Outpatient Pharmacy During 2004-2007

第三代头孢菌素类抗生素临床安全用药分析

Analysis of Clinical Safety Application of The Third Generation Cefazolin