重大过失

一直否认自己存在重大过失的BP，已拨备出410亿美元用于支付其所估计的、与漏油事故相关的全部费用。

BP , which has always denied gross negligence , has set aside $ 41bn for total estimated costs associated with the accident .

BP说，审判中的证据不支持该裁决，并表示法律上很清楚，要达到非常高的标准才能证明存在重大过失，本案并未达到那个标准。

BP added that the ruling was not supported by the evidence at trial , and that the law is clear that proving gross negligence is a very high bar that was not met in this case .

他们将考虑他是否犯有玩忽职守的重大过失。

They will consider whether or not he has been guilty of serious professional misconduct .

BP一直否认存在重大过失，辩称其它企业也对漏油事件负有责任，尤其是拥有并运营深水地平线钻井平台的Transocean公司，以及供应用于封填油井和避免泄漏的水泥的哈里伯顿（Halliburton）公司。

BP has always denied gross negligence , arguing that other companies share responsibility for the spill , especially Transocean , which owned and operated the Deepwater Horizon rig , and Halliburton , which provided the cement that was supposed to seal the well and prevent leaks .

侵权行为法上的故意、过失及重大过失

Intent , Negligence and Recklessness in Tort Law

他们被控犯有重大过失。

They were accused of gross negligence .

在紧急事务管理时，仅就故意和重大过失负责。

In urgent management , managers are responsible only in respect of intention and gross negligence .

如果英国石油被认定存在重大过失，这部分罚金的数额可能将达到210亿美元。

These could reach $ 21bn , if BP is found to have acted with gross negligence .

雇主具有故意或重大过失时，雇员可以向雇主提起民事侵权赔偿诉讼。

The employee can file a civil tort litigation when employer has the intent or gross negligence .

因故意或者重大过失给合伙企业造成损失；

The partner has caused loss to the partnership due to his willful misconduct or gross negligence ;

在责任限制上，船舶不适航并不必然导致船东责任限制权利的丧失，除非不适航是由于船东的故意行为，或者船东的重大过失所造成。

It is not inevitable that shipowners lost the right to limit his liability even the vessel is unseaworthiness .

学术界更有分类将重大过失界定为与故意、过失相并列的第三种过错类型。

Some scholars even define gross negligence as a third type of fault , together with intent and negligence .

在理论上，过失被分为重大过失、一般过失与轻微过失。

Theoretically , negligence has been specified into three categories : gross negligence , ordinary negligence and slight negligence .

如果不能证明存在重大过失，那么这家英国公司将面临最高大约45亿美元的罚款。

If gross negligence is not proved , the British company would face a maximum penalty of about $ 4.5bn .

第一章为区分过失程度的重要性及重大过失的概念沿革。

The first chapter is " The Importance to Distinguish Different Degree of Fault and Historical Evolution of Gross Negligence " .

善意是指对特定的物权信息的不知，善意与无重大过失应予区分，作为相对独立的两个要件。

It should be differentiated from non-material fault , and the two shall be regarded as two relatively independent essential conditions .

因故意或者重大过失造成对方财产损失的。

Excluding one party 's liability for property loss caused to the other party by its intentional misconduct or gross negligence .

对于第二个问题，对故意或重大过失的认定标准，应该采取综合的标准把主客观结合起来。

To the second question , Standards for intentional misconduct or gross negligence , should adopt comprehensive standard combine subjective and objective .

在司法实践中，对过失的判断、重大过失的认定、过失相抵的运用等问题，存在比较大的分歧。

There are relatively much more disagreements among the judge of negligence , cognizance of aggravated negligence and contributory negligence in practice .

但是，付款人以恶意或者有重大过失付款的除外。

However , the exception is in cases when the payment is made by the payer through malice or with gross negligence .

付款人及其代理付款人以恶意或者有重大过失付款的，应当自行承担责任。

The drawee or his agent who makes payment out of ill intention or with gross negligence shall bear liability on his own .

公证机构赔偿后，可以向有故意或者重大过失的公证员追偿。

After the notarial office makes a compensation , it may demand the notary with intentional or serious mistake to make a repayment .

被保险人及其代表的故意行为或重大过失引起的任何损失和费用；

Loss of or damage to the insured property or expenses caused by intentional act or gross negligence of the Insured or his representative ;

而过失根据其违反注意义务的程度又可分为重大过失、一般过失和轻微过失。

The fault according to the degree of breach of duty of care can be divided into gross negligence , general negligence and minor mistakes .

排除不专心或重大过失情形下由卖主的管理或主导雇员所导致的。

This exclusion from liability does not apply in the event of intent or gross negligence by the management or leading employees of the Seller .

我国采用的是德国式的求偿制度，同时采用了国际上公认的主观有故意或重大过失的规则。

China adopts the German-style compensation demand system , and at the same time adopts the internationally accepted rule of intentional error or major error .

监督人因为故意或者重大过失造成债务人或者债权人损失的，应当承担赔偿责任。

The supervisor shall be liable for compensation where damage is caused to the debtor or the creditor due to its purposeful act or material negligence .

对重大过失的认定在很大程度上决定了行为人是否需要承担责任，以及承担责任的大小、方式。

To a great extent , gross negligence determines whether the behavior person needs to shoulder the responsibility or not , and the means to should .

在适用条件上主观要件应包括故意和重大过失，客观要件包括违法行为、损害事实及因果关系。

In the application of conditions , subjective elements should include intentional and gross negligence , objective elements should include illegal acts , actual damages and causation .

适用过失相抵时应有所限制，在无过错责任场合，过失相抵只限于受害人具有重大过失的情形。

Contributory negligence , which shall be applied with limits , is limited to the situation of the victims with gross negligence in the no-fault liability occasions .