必要共同诉讼

必要共同诉讼的理论误区与制度重构

Theoretical Misunderstanding and Institutional Reshaping of Necessary Joint Action

有学者主张对于连带责任诉讼提出了准必要共同诉讼理论。

Some scholars advocate that joint and several liability lawsuit applies to quasi-joint action .

类似必要共同诉讼人的地位表现在他们之间的牵连性与独立性。

The status of the parties in such action is involvement and independence among them .

本文是分三大部分对类似必要共同诉讼制度进行论述的。

This paper is divided into three parts to similar necessary joint action systems are discussed .

我国必要共同诉讼的制度和实践存在不少问题。

There are many problems of the system and practice of necessary joint action in our country .

论证了如何重构适应我国实践需求的必要共同诉讼制度，并就其程序规则进行改革和完善。

It discusses how to reconstruct the necessary joint action and how to improve the procedural rules .

第四章对我国必要共同诉讼制度的改革与完善提出了建议。

Chapter four proposes the advices to innovate and perfect the system of the necessary joint action .

必要共同诉讼制度是民事诉讼法学研究的热门话题，也是难题。

Necessary joint action is a hot topic of Civil Action research , also a difficult problem .

第二章讨论的是必要共同诉讼制度，文章循着逐一解决实践问题的思路展开。

The first sort is necessary joint action . The Chapter develops the discussion following a thought to solve practical matters .

依照类似必要共同诉讼的性质，法官不能够依职权追加未参诉讼的当事人进行诉讼。

Judges should not append parties who do not join the action ex officio according to the nature of the similar necessary joint action .

二是传统理论研究的欠缺。文章分别从必要共同诉讼当事人追加问题和普通共同诉讼适用条件问题两方面进行了论述。

Second , the traditional lack of theoretical research , which includes the addition of party in necessary co-litigation and the conditions of ordinary co-litigation .

连带债务诉讼，学说以及实务操作上存在类似必要共同诉讼说、普通共同诉讼说以及准必要共同诉讼说等观点。

There are three opinions in the academic research and practice , which are analogous necessary joint action , permissive joint action and quasi & necessary joint action .

有学者认为法院依职权追加必要共同诉讼人存在种种弊端，如违背处分原则、增加法院的负担等。

Some scholars believe that the court on its co-litigants need additional drawbacks exist , such as violation of the principle of action to increase the burden on the court .

近年来，我国学界关于必要共同诉讼的论述比较多，但大多没什么新意，其中有些观点存在明显错误。

In recent years , the academic discourse more and more on necessary joint action , but most viewpoints are not highly innovative , some of which point there was an error .

类似必要共同诉讼允许各共同诉讼人单独起诉、被诉，而不强制他们必须共同进行诉讼，当且仅当共同诉讼行为发生时才具有统合确定性之诉讼。

Similar necessary joint action allows the co-litigant to be prosecuted and sued separately rather than forcing them to be a joint action . And only when the common action occurs does judging at once become necessary .

同时，必要共同诉讼制度的立法缺失导致了司法实践对案件的处理也不一致，影响司法的统一和权威。

At the same time , the need for joint action of its legislative judicial practice has led to lack of handling of the case is also inconsistent , affecting the unity and authority of the judiciary .

这种单一的必要共同诉讼形式，不仅影响到当事人诉权的行使和增加诉讼的成本，而且造成了我国必要共同诉讼的立法与司法，理论与实践的严重脱节。

Because of the only type of necessary joint action in China , parties right of action is blocked and the cost of action is increased . Then , it results in the gap between legislation and judicature , theory and practice .

连带债务实体法规定上的绝对效力事项，在诉讼中存在统一认定的需要，但必要共同诉讼的合一确定原理针对的是诉讼标的法律上的合一确定，不适用于共通事实。

In the proceeding it is necessary to found the absolute effectiveness of matters according to the provisions of the substantive law . However , the rule syncretic certainty in necessary joint action roles in the objective of action , not the common facts .

我国现有的必要共同诉讼实质上是按大陆法系的固有必要共同诉讼理论设置的，它要求诉讼标的同一、共同诉讼人必须一同起诉或应诉，当事人方为适格。

The current necessary joint action system in the Civil Procedure Law of China is virtually based on the inherent necessary joint action system of Civil Law System , which requests the same object of action and individual members of the joint party prosecuting or defending at the same time .

认为有必要规定共同诉讼中的缺席审判，并对必要共同诉讼和普通共同诉讼中的缺席处理进行了阐述。

The writer thinks that default judgments of necessary joint action and ordinary joint action shall be provided .