合同相对性原则

笔者认为，反对者的观点即使在提醒我们应当坚持合同相对性原则基础地位方面有着积极地意义，但在某种程度上观点过于偏激、未免片面。

The author believes that the opponents have a positive view of upholding the basic position of doctrine of privity of contract in law . but in a way , their views are too extreme and one-sided .

从比较法的角度看合同相对性原则

An Analysis of the Principle of Privity of Contract from the Aspect of Comparative Law

合同相对性原则及其新发展

On the Relativity Principle of the Contract and Its New Development

论合同相对性原则及其例外规定

On the Principle of Contract Relativity and Its Exception Stipulations

试析合同相对性原则例外的标准

Try analysing the standard of the relativity of the contract with exceptional principle

第一部分：合同相对性原则。首先介绍了合同及合同相对性原则的基本涵义。

First the author explains the meaning of contract and privity of contract .

浅析合同相对性原则的例外&合同第三人

On the Exception of the Contract Privity Principle : the Third Party of Contract

合同相对性原则突破的原因及价值分析

An Analysis on the Reason and Value of Breaking Through the Relativity Principle of Contracts

合同相对性原则的现代发展&论附保护第三人作用的契约

Modern Development of Contracts ' Relativity Principle : the Contract with the Collateral Third Party

合同相对性原则刍议

Study on the Relativity Principle of Contract

合同相对性原则削足适履的做法，会不可避免地造成契约法的封闭化。

The principle of privity of contract will , inevitably cause the parochialism of contract law .

第二部分介绍合同相对性原则在传统民法理论中的困境。

The second part introduces the plight of the relative principle of contract in the traditional civil laws .

这一制度被认为是对合同相对性原则的一大突破。

This system is considered as a great breakthrough of the principle of the relative nature of contract .

因为利益第三人理论的出现，使得合同相对性原则不再惟我独尊。

Since the third party beneficiary contract and the corresponding theory appeared , the principle of contract relativity has not been unique .

随着社会的发展，合同相对性原则在近代受到了来自各个方面的冲击，其中首推第三人利益合同。

As the development of society , the relativity principle of a contract in modern time has been impacted from various aspects .

二从逻辑上对无权处分制度与其它民法相关制度（善意取得、合同相对性原则、给付不能等）之间的衔接性作一下分析，检验无权处分合同有效这一结论；

Secondly , this theory correlates with other civil laws system such as acquisition in good faith and the relativity principle of contracts .

合同相对性原则作为契约法理论构建的基石，在大陆法系和英美法系各国一直被严格信守。

All the countries in the world abide by the principle of privity of contract strictly as a footstone of the theory of contract .

合同相对性原则是指合同仅在特定的当事人间产生效力，对合同以外的任何人不具有约束力。

The doctrine of privity of contract means that the effect of contract only involves the parties of the contract not any the third party .

第一章从民法基本理论角度阐述了合同相对性原则在海上货物运输合同中突破的理论基础。

In Chapter One , the author first elaborates the rationale of breach of this principle in the contract of carriage of goods by sea .

对于可行性，则从合同相对性原则、对仲裁意思自治原则的限制、仲裁制度的属性和息诉思想的延续上来进行了论述。

For the feasibility , it was discussed from the opposite contract , the limit of freewill arbitration and the properties of the arbitration to the continued ideals on ceasing suit .

历史上，合同相对性原则曾经作为古典契约法的一个不可动摇的信条，被称为是合同法体系构建的第一块基石。

" Doctrine of privity of contract " has been the unshakable credendum of the classical contract law and has been treated as the corner stone of contract rule and system .

海上保险代位权相对性地突破了合同相对性原则，是民法债权制度功能的进一步发展。

Subrogation in marine insurance relatively breaks through the principle of the privity of contract and it is a further development of the function of the system of creditor 's rights .

法律作为上层建筑理所应当为经济发展服务，而合同相对性原则在一定程度上阻碍了经济社会的发展。

As the superstructure , the law should be servised for the economy . However , the contract relative principle has hindered the development of economy and society in a certain extent .

第三节阐述了合同相对性原则在大陆法系和英美法系中的衰微及各自为第三人利益合同制度的建立。

Section ⅲ describes the principle of relativity of the contract in civil law and continental law systems and the decline of the interests of their respective contracts for the third system is established .

合同相对性原则作为传统合同法的基本原则之一，随着社会经济的发展发生了动摇，这种改变是世界性的，不管是在大陆法系还是在普通法系国家都是一个不争的事实。

As one of the basic principles of traditional contract law , the principle of contract relativity is changing worldwide , no matter in Continental Law System or in Ordinary Law System , with the development of social economy .

合同相对性原则及其突破体现法律本位的变化，体现静态调整合同关系向全面动态调整合同关系的转化，是现代市场经济的产物。

The relativity principle of contracts and its breakthrough show the changes in law monetary and the transformation from static adjustment of the contract relation to complete dynamic adjustment of it . It is the result of modem market economy .

第三人对责任保险人的直接请求权制度，是对传统民法的合同相对性原则的突破，同时也是现代责任保险的立法趋势。

Legal system of third parties ' right against liability insurers breaks the traditional rules of " privity of contract " in civil law , which is , at the same time , the trend of modern liability insurance law .

合同相对性原则是合同法中一项古老规则，其不仅是整个合同法理论的基石，同时也是合同赖以成立的前提保障。

Contract , the principle of relativity is an ancient rule of contract law , it is not only the cornerstone of the whole theory of contract law , but also contract to set up the premise on which protection .

合同相对性原则例外制度是适应当代社会的发展，在诚实信用原则基础上，通过扩大合同的效力范围而形成的一系列制度的总称。

Exceptional rule of the principle of contract relativity is a general concept of a series of rules , adapting to the development of present society and expanding the effect of contract on the basis of the principle of good faith .

本文首先通过两个案例引出本文所要讨论的问题，即在合同相对性原则的束缚下，第三人的利益如何保护，引出合同相对性原则例外存在的必要性。

Firstly the issue is referred by two cases , i. e. how to protect the benefits of third party under the principle of privity of contract . These two cases are used to prove the necessity of the exception of privity of contract .