小脑蚓

此征的CT表现有惊人的相似性，它们是：（1）小脑蚓部缺失；

CT manifestations of this syndrome has common characteristics as follows : ( 1 ) Absence of cerebel-lar vermis ;

正常小脑蚓部的MRI测量

MRI Measurement of Normal Cerebellar Vermis

材料与方法：95例经手术、病理证实的小脑蚓部肿瘤，男性59例，女性36例，术前均行CT平扫及增强扫描。

Materials and Methods : Plain and enhanced CT scanning were performed in 95 patients with surgically and pathologically proved cerebellar vermis tumors .

用辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）逆行传递法，在44只大白鼠脑，研究了楔外、内核和薄束核到小脑蚓部皮质的投射。

The projections from the external cuneate and the dorsal column nuclei to cerebellum in 44 rats were examined by means of HRP .

目的：观察无创伤经颅脉冲磁刺激（PTMS）对青霉素所致大脑皮质痫样放电（CCED）的作用，进一步探讨PTMS作用于大脑皮质及小脑蚓部后，对CCED作用的可能机制。

AIM : To observe the effect of pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation ( PTMS ) on the cerebral cortex epileptiform discharges ( CCED ) induced by penicillin sodium in rats and to investigate its possible mechanisms .

结果出血量≥15ml，出血部位位于小脑蚓部，血肿累及脑干和（或）破入第四脑室，伴急性阻塞性脑积水的患者预后不良，死亡率明显增高。

Results The mortality significantly increased and the prognosis was bad in patients whose manifestations were as followings : bleeding volume ≥ 15 ml , bleeding location was cerebellar vermis , hematoma involved brainstem and ( or ) broke into the fourth ventricle , be complicated with acute obstructive hydrocephalus .

小儿小脑蚓部肿瘤12例临床分析

Clinical evaluation of 12 child cases with a vermian tumor

本瘤常发于小脑蚓部侵犯第四脑室而引起脑脊液循环障碍。

It often invades and compresses the fourth ventricle leading to cerebrospinal fluid obstruction .

慢性酒精中毒病人小脑蚓部前部萎缩。

Here is anterior vermian atrophy of the cerebellum in a patient with chronic alcoholism .

病变位于小脑蚓部者36例，位于小脑半球6例。

The foci found were in vermis ( 36 ) and cerebellar hemispheres ( 6 ) .

结果：髓母细胞瘤好发于男性儿童，常见于小脑蚓部。

Results : Medulloblastoma was common in children predominantly in male , frequently involving the inferior vermis .

结果肿瘤位于小脑蚓部9例，小脑半球3例。男性儿童占多数。

Results The tumors lay on vermis of cerebellum 9 cases , cerebella hemispheres 3.The male is more than female .

结论儿童后颅凹小脑蚓部巨大型肿瘤全切术后易出现缄默症。

Conclusion Transient mutism may occur in pediatric patient following removal of a giant tumor in region of the cerebellar vermis .

结果：27例髓母细胞瘤中，位于小脑蚓部18例，小脑半球4例，第四脑室5例。

Results : 18 cases were located at cerebellar inferior vermis , 4 at cerebellar hemisphere and 5 at the the fourth ventricle .

Ⅲ型4例，其中2例合并肾脏错构瘤，1例合并脑内巨细胞星形细胞瘤，1例合并小脑蚓部血管畸形。

Type ⅲ: 2 patients with renal hamartoma , 1 patient with subependymal giant cell astrocytoma , 1 patient with cerebellar arteriovenous malformations .

结果12例缄默症，全部为巨大型小脑蚓部肿瘤凸入四脑室，并向双侧小脑半球浸润生长。

Results All cases of transient mutism haboured a giant tumor in the region of the cerebellar vermis with invasion of the fourth ventricle and cerebellar hemisphere .

目的评价三维超声第三平面成像方法对小脑蚓部发育的监测价值，同时获取胎儿各孕周小脑蚓部发育的正常参考值。

Objective To evaluate the third plane image of three-dimensional sonography ( 3D US ) for determining the normal appearance of the fetal cerebellar vermis and to establish a normal growth chart .

用狝猴32只，分雌雄两批，按齿序情况分为4个年龄组。取小脑蚓体及含齿状核的部分，用10%福尔马林固定，作石蜡切片及少量冰冻切片。

From 32 rhesus monkeys the vermis cerebelli and the portion containing the dentate nucleus were fixed in 10 % formalin . The animals of both sexes were divided into 4 age groups according to their dental status .

结果：髓母细胞瘤常见于小脑蚓部（15例，占65.2%），易囊变（19例，82.6%），4例出现转移（17.4%）。

Results : Medulloblastoma lay on vermis of cerebellum most frequently ( 15 cases , 65.2 % ) . Cyst malformation was common ( 19 cases , 82.6 % ) . Metastasis were found in 4 cases ( 17.4 % ) .

肿瘤位于小脑蚓部6例，四脑室内9例，小脑蚓部和四脑室内者11例，小脑半球1例。

The tumor was located in the cerebellar vermis in 6 cases , fourth cerebral ventricle in 9 cases , and cerebellar hemisphere in 1 case , and occurred in both the cerebellar vermis and fourth cerebral ventricle in 11 cases .

在注射HRP液于小脑前蚓和顶核之后，在其楔外核和后索核中见到标记细胞，楔外核中的标记细胞数多于后索核中的。

After injection of HRP into the anterior vermis and the fastigial nucleus the labeled neurons were present in the external cuneate nucleus and in the dorsal column nuclei especially in their rostral part .

在右侧契前叶与后视丘在刺激之下也可以看到活化，会延展到小脑上蚓部。

Activation was also seen at the right precuneus and posterior thalamus with stimulation , extending into the superior vermis .

肿瘤均位于小脑，蚓部29例，小脑半球24例，伴鞍上转移1例。

29 tumors were located at the cerebellar midline , 24 were in the hemisphere . 1 patient developed implantation metastasis in sellar region .

结论超声测量胎儿小脑、蚓部、第四脑室、颅后窝池可以帮助我们更准确地估算胎儿的孕龄，并在筛选胎儿颅后窝畸形中提供重要的诊断线索。

Conclusions The sonographic measurements of fetal cerebella 、 vermis 、 fourth-ventricle and cisterna magna are valuable for the accurate estimation of gestational ages and also help detect fetal malformations in the cranial posterior fossa .

结果：血管母细胞瘤常位于小脑半球及蚓部，其它部位少见。

Results : Hemangioblastomas were often located in hemispherium cerebelli and vermis cerebelli , other parts of brain were rare .

包括小脑半球肿瘤、小脑蚓部、桥小脑角、第四脑室、听神经瘤、斜坡肿瘤等。

Including cerebellar hemisphere tumor , cauda cerebelli bridge cerebellum angle , fourth ventricle , auditory nerve lump , pitch tumor and so on .

近年来研究者对ADHD患儿的脑部磁共振成像扫描时发现其小脑总容量尤其是小脑蚓部容量比正常儿童显著减少。

In recent years , researches on brain magnetic resonance imaging of ADHD children showed that the total capacity of their cerebellum , especially cerebellar vermis , were significantly lower than normal children .

结果：肿瘤位于小脑半球8例，小脑蚓部5例，第四脑室10例。

Results : 8 cases located in cerebellar hemisphere , 5 cases in vermis , 10 cases in fourth ventricle .

右侧小脑激活区包括：右侧小脑蚓部、右侧尾状核头部。

Right cerebellum activation area include : on the right side of the cerebellar vermis , right caudate head .

左侧小脑激活区包括：左侧小脑脚（BA18）、左侧小脑（BA19）小脑蚓部。

The left cerebellum activation area include : on the left side of the cerebellar peduncle ( BA18 ), the left cerebellum ( BA19 ), cerebellar vermis .