小脑扁桃体

颅后凹占位性病变对小脑扁桃体位置影响的MRI研究

A MRI study between space-occupied lesions of the posterior fossa and the position of cerebellar tonsil

结果AIS患者的小脑扁桃体平均位置明显低于对照组（分别为枕骨大孔上0.9mm和2.9mm）。

Results In AIS patients and healthy controls , the mean position of the cerebellar tonsil was 0.9 and 2.9 mm above the BO line , respectively .

结论小脑扁桃体的形态对CMⅠ的诊断有价值。

Conclusion The change of tonsil shapes contributes to the diagnosis of CM ⅰ due to the round shape of the normal tonsil .

目的对小脑扁桃体下疝畸形（Chiari畸形）及合并脊髓空洞症的临床诊断与手术治疗方法探讨并分析疗效。

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of Chiari malformation and syringomyelia .

Chiari畸形并脊髓空洞的治疗与小脑扁桃体下疝分型

Surgical Treatment of Chiari Malformation with Syringomyelia and Typing of Downward Hernia of Cerebellar Tonsil

ChiariI型畸形患者小脑扁桃体下疝程度与脊髓空洞症的关系分析

The study of relationship between the degree of cerebellar tonsillar herniation and development of syringomyelia in Chiari I malformation

Chiari畸形是以小脑扁桃体下疝畸形为特征的先天性疾患，目前较为公认的理论是起源于胚胎中胚叶轴旁的枕骨原节发育不良所致，其诊断主要依赖于MRI。

Chiari malformation is a congenital malformation characterized with hindbrain hernia . It is generally accepted that it caused by underdevelopment of the occipital somite originating from the paraxial mesoderm . The diagnosis of Chiari malformation is mainly based on MRI .

目的介绍一种经小脑扁桃体延髓沟入路切除枕骨大孔区、小脑扁桃体延髓沟内、Luschka孔区及第四脑室内肿瘤的方法。

Objective To introduce a trans cerebellomedullary fissure approach to remove the tumors located in the foramen of magnum , cerebellomedullary fissure , foramen of Luschka and the fourth ventricle .

方法127例Chiari畸形并脊髓空洞经MRI确诊，采用小脑扁桃体下疝切除，并脊髓中央管开口隔膜切开术。

Methods One hundred and twenty-seven cases which showed the symptoms of the Chiari 's malformation associated with syringomyelia were confirmed by MRI . The hernia of tonsilla cerebelli was removed and the dissepiment that located in the mouth of the central canal of spinal cord was opened .

结论：小脑扁桃体位于枕大孔下≥5mm即可诊断ACM，对<5mm者，在诊断ACM前须注意正常扁桃体暂时低位；

Conclusion : Tonsils hernia ≥ 5mm below the magnum foramen may be diagnosed as ACM ; the temporary low site of normal tonsils must be excluded in the cases of tonsils hernia < 5mm before the diagnosis of ACM ;

隔膜和FVE发生率以伴有ACM－Ⅰ和脊柱外伤者较高。SHM发生率与ACM－Ⅰ小脑扁桃体下疝程度成正相关。

There was a positive correlation between the incidence of SHM and the extent of tonsil downward herniation in ACM - ⅰ . There was also higher incidence of septal membrane and FVE in the SHM complicated by ACM - ⅰ or spinal trauma .

小脑扁桃体下疝并脊髓空洞症的诊治进展小脑扁桃体下疝畸形及脊髓空洞症的手术治疗分析

Advances in diagnosis and treatment of Chiari malformation associated with syringomyelia

39例小脑扁桃体疝性脑挫伤分析均为闭合性骨折。

THE CEREBELLAR TONSIL HERNIATION CONTUSION All cases were closed fractures .

颅后窝重建治疗小脑扁桃体下疝畸形

Posterior fossa reconstruction for the treatment of Chiari ⅰ malformation

急性小脑扁桃体疝的临床实践

Clinical practice of cerebellar tonsillar herniation

颅底陷入症合并小脑扁桃体下疝畸形的联合手术治疗（附4例报告）

Combined operation to treat the basilar invagination complicated with chiari malformation ( a report of 4 cases )

目的探讨小脑扁桃体下疝畸形的发病机制及应用后颅窝减压治疗的效果。

Objective To explore the nosogenesis of Arnold chiari malformation and the therapeutic effect of the iateria of Posterior fossa decompression .

方法对14例先天性小脑扁桃体下疝畸形合并脊髓空洞症患者，根据不同的病情采用相应的手术方式进行治疗。

Methods 14 patients with congenital tonsillar hernia deformity associated with syringomyelia had been treated with correspondent surgery depending on their case condition .

结果：小脑扁桃体疝至枕大孔平面下5~26mm20例，2~4mm7例；

Results : The cerebellar tonsils of 20 cases herniated 5 ~ 26mm below the magnum foramen , 7 cases 2 ~ 4mm ;

本病病因尚不完全明了，与颅颈接合部畸形如小脑扁桃体下疝畸形、产伤、脊髓损伤、炎症等多种因素有关。

Though causes of this disease are not clear , it relates to many factors such as Arnold-chiari malformation , birth trauma , spinal cord injury and the like .

方法回顾我科1995~2004年治疗的31例小脑扁桃体下疝畸形病例，对于应用后颅窝减压手术方法的27例患者进行回顾分析。

Methods Review the Arnold chiari malformation patients who accept therapy in my department from 1995 to 2004 , appreciation the therapeutic effect of patients who accept the therapeutics of Posterior fossa decompression .

结论应用后颅窝减压法治疗小脑扁桃体下疝畸形疗效明显，是治疗本病的首选。

Conclusion Posterior fossa decompression is effective in treating Arnold chiari malformation , and it is considered that the method of Posterior fossa decompression can be used as the first choice of surgical treatment .

结果：小脑扁桃体下缘变尖12例。下疝至枕骨大孔平面下3.5~21mm，12例伴有脊髓空洞。

Results The caudal poles of the tonsiles were pointed in 12 cases , the cerebellar tonsillar hernia was 3.5 ~ 21 mm below the foramen magnum , and 12 cases were with syringomyelia .

结果：44例急性偏瘫患儿中，29例为脑血管病变，10例为脑炎，4例为占位性病变，1例为小脑扁桃体下疝。

Results : In this group of the patients , 29 cases were the cerebrovascular diseases , 10 cases were the encephalitides , 4 cases are the neoplasms , and 1 case was the tonsillar hernia .

手术结果显示面神经根部受血管压迫75例，1例为小脑扁桃体疝压迫面神经，另有2例手术未见异常。

Surgical results showed that vascular compression or contact of the facial nerve root exit / entry zone ( REZ ) was present in 75 cases , compression of the facial nerve due to cerebellar tonsillar hernia in one case , and no vascular compression in 2 cases .