存在量词

数理逻辑中存在量词引入的必要性

The Necessity for Introduction of the Existential Quantifier into Mathematical Logic

任何逻辑使用存在量词或全称量词是说是一个谓词逻辑。

Any logic which uses the existential quantifier or the universal quantifier is said to be a predicate logic .

这两种限制形式间的不同就是全称量词与存在量词间的不同。带传递关系和存在量词的描述逻辑MSC推理

The difference between the two formulations is the difference between a universal and existential quantification . Computing Most Specific Concept in Description Logic with Transitive Roles and Existential Restrictions

MSR用基于一阶原子公式的类型化的多重集重写规则描述协议动作，用存在量词模拟新鲜数的产生，是一种精确、灵活的密码协议形式化模型。

The model uses strongly typed multiset rewriting over firs order atomic formulas to express protocol actions and relies on a form of existential quantification to symbolically model the generation of fresh data .

QBF是一种具有量词前缀的命题逻辑公式，该公式中的变量都是由存在量词或者全称量词限制。

QBF Formulae is propositional logic formulae with existential or universal quantifiers to every variable in prefix .

文中研究规约中某些特性的处理，包括存在量词以及二元关系的传递闭包。

In this paper , some features of specifications are studied , including existential quantifiers and transitive closures of binary relations .

邻域语义学可运用于无穷算子，无穷算子也能刻画一般的量词（包括通常的全称和存在量词）。

This paper applies neighborhood semantics to endless operators and utilizes infinite operators to depict general quantifies , including the common full name and existential quantifiers .

德语中不存在量词，但是汉语中量词在德语中的翻译有规律可言，量词的学习可以利用这些规律。

Because German exists no Quantifiers . So Quantifiers learners can take advantage of these laws that there are some rules when translate Chinese quantifiers in German .

清楚地叙述了自然推理系统中的存在量词消去规则和全称量词引入规则满足的条件，而这些条件在许多离散数学教科书中叙述得相当含糊。

The conditions satisfied for the existential instantiation and the universal generalization in the natural deduction system are described clear , whereas they are described rather vaguely in many textbooks on discrete mathematics .

同时，采用非负实数集作为时间域还使我们可以利用标准的存在量词来表示变量隐藏，并可用逻辑蕴涵来表示反应系统间的求精关系。

In addition , the use of non-negative real numbers as time domain enables us to express hiding of variables as standard existential quantification and express the relation of refinement between reactive systems as implications between logic formulas .

与某些教科书中存在量词消去规则只能用于无自由变元的公式不同，按照本文给出的条件，存在量词消去规则也可以用于有自由变元的公式，因而增强了系统的推理能力。

Contrasting with that the existential instantiation in some textbooks is used only for formulas without free variables , according to the condition we given , it may be also used for formulas with free variables and the ability to reason has increased . Freedom freedom ;

本文试图说明数量疑问短语的辖域特征并提出解构分析法将此类短语分解为数量疑问算子与存在集体量词。

In this paper , we wish to explicate the scope properties of the cardinality wh-phrases and propose a decomposition analysis with which any of such phrases can be decomposed into a cardinality wh-operator and an existential group quantifier .

所以我们认为，尽管量词是汉语中的一个专门词类，而在英语传统语法中虽没有得到专门的设立，但英语与汉语中均存在大量的量词性隐喻，具有丰富的表达力。

Therefore , although quantifier is considered as a special word class in Chinese while quantifier in English is not , in both of them there exists a great deal of metaphors and rich expressiveness .

浅析了数理逻辑中存在性不能作为谓词的原因、背景，阐明存在量词引入的合理性和必要性，指出存在量词的引入是技术上的改进，并未真正解决数学基础存在的固有问题-罗素悖论。

This paper dissected the necessity for introduction of the Existential Quantifier into Mathematical Logic , which is only a technical improvement , but not a real solution to the natural problem in mathematics foundations of the Russell Paradox .