受事主语

现代汉语受事主语句研究评述

On the Object Used as Subject In the Modern Chinese

此外，受事主语也对其构式意义起到了一定的作用。

Besides , the patient-subject also plays a leading role in English middle construction .

受事主语句中的主语可直接或有条件地后置作宾语；

The subject can be directly or conditionally postponed as the object of the main verb ;

句法平面上分析并比较了把字句和无标记受事主语句的主语、谓语和宾语。

Syntax aspect analyzes and compares the two kinds of sentences of subject , predicate and object .

现代汉语把字句与无标记受事主语句之间存在着相当密切的关系。

The " ba " sentence in modern Chinese has close relationship with the unmarked patient-as-the-subject sentence .

我们可以此来分清受事主语句和与事主语句在古汉语中的界限。

With these characteristics we can clearly distinguish sentences with the objects of the action from those with agents in ancient Chinese .

汉语表示被动，可以径直采用受事主语句，不一定非得用虚词。

In the Chinese language , we can simply use recipient sentences without the use of function words to indicate passive voice .

本文基于三个平面语法理论，以现代汉语中的被字句和无标记受事主语句为研究对象，分析比较了两种句式句法、语义和语用三个平面的特点。

This paper is based on " three planes " theory , by taking Bei-sentence and unmarked patient-subject sentence in Modern Chinese as the research object .

形式上表主动，意义上表被动的无标记受事主语句作为汉语中一种历史悠久、使用广泛的句法语义结构，常常使留学生疑惑进而产生大量偏误。

As a long history and widely used syntactic structure , The unmarked patient-subject which is active in form and passive in meaning , always makes foreign students confused and causes large errors .

古汉语中受事主语句具有以下特点：受事主语句的谓语动词不带宾语或只带施事、处所宾语；

In ancient Chinese , sentences with the objects of the action have the following characteristics : ( 1 ) The verb predicate is usually followed by no objects but only agentive objects or place objects ;

从动词和名词即主语和谓语之间的语义结构关系来看，连动句可以分为施事主语连动句、受事主语连动句和施受同体主语连动句。

Looking from the verb and the noun are between the subject and the predicate semantics structural relation , the gearing sentence may divide into the agent subject gearing sentence , the object subject gearing sentence and executes the consubstantiality subject gearing sentence .

在各种问题中，受事主语句的使用情况也各不相同，总的来说，语录体篇目中受事主语句的数量占大多数，在诗话、剧本等体裁中的数量很少。

In all kinds of problems , the use of the Patient Subject sentence by also each are not identical , overall , in oldness marked by quotations body majority , the number of sentences in poetry , plays the few in number .

揭示被字句和无标记受事主语句的关系，把无标记受事主语句再分出表示被动意义却没有被动形态标记的狭义受事主语句。

Reveal the relationship between of the sentence of " bei " and the sentence of patent subject with no mark , and then classify the sentence of patent subject with no mark once again into the passive sentence but with no passive form mark .

受事作主语造成了谓语表意功能的转化，受事作主语还要求谓语动词（或动词短语）必须是及物性的。

Recipients acting as subjects can result in the semantic conversion of predicate and also require transitive verbs ( or phrasal verbs ) .

汉语典型中动句也是由受事做主语，非典型汉语中动句以工具、时间、地点以及方式做主语。

The Chinese prototype middle sentence is also the patient as the subject and the location time 、 place or manner as the subject in the Chinese non-prototype middle sentence .