菜单成本论、厂商声誉模型和具有搜索成本的非对称反应模型分别从价格调整的成本、厂商维持自身声誉以及垄断厂商提高和降低价格的非对称反应等因素说明了为什么会存在价格刚性。
" Menu Cost Model ", " Producer Reputation Model " and " Asymmetrical Response Model with Search Costs " provide price stickiness with microeconomic behavior foundations respectively from three different aspects .
菜单成本论