消费紧缩

当经济进一步陷入衰退和消费紧缩，公司为了能在销售竞争中取胜将不得不谨慎的给商品定价。

As economies fall deeper into recession and spending shrinks , firms will have to compete harder for sales by pricing their wares keenly .

根据西方发达国家的经验发现，按照传统凯恩斯主义一味实施扩张性刺激政策并不总是有效，有时甚至会对居民消费产生紧缩效应，同时还可能造成不可持续的债务规模和巨额的财政赤字。

On the basis of the experience of the western developed countries , the implement of expansionary stimulus policy according to the traditional Keynesian is not always effective , which could sometimes produce deflationary effect on residents ' consumption , and may cause unsustainable debt scale and large budget deficits .

针英国女性购物习惯的研究发现，过去6个月中她们在衣服、健身俱乐部会员和度假旅游上的消费已有所恢复，甚至现在的消费水平比信贷紧缩之前还要高。

Research into the shopping habits of Britain 's women has found that spending on clothes , gym memberships and holidays has recovered over the past six months and is now higher than before the credit crunch .