正规金融机构

从非对称信息理论出发，联系泰国农业合作银行（BAAC）的经营实际，笔者认为非对称信息引起的逆向选择和道德风险，是阻碍正规金融机构在农村开展金融业务的重要原因。

Seeing from the information asymmetry theory , combining the practical operation of Thailand BAAC , the author holds that adverse selection and moral hazard resulted from information asymmetry are the important causes for impeding formal financial institutions providing financial services in rural area .

正规金融机构小额信贷运行机制及其绩效评价

Micro-Credit of Formal Financial Institutions in China : Mechanism and Efficiency

P2P网络借贷业务，正好满足了被正规金融机构拒之门外的贷款需求者的需求。

P2P network loan business meet the needs of these people who were refused by the formal financial institution .

本部分根据所得到数据资料对Q地区的重庆商业银行的资本充足率等相关指标进行分析，同时考察重庆市的非正规金融机构的现状以及农村金融运行的外部环境。

On the basis of the received data from Q region in Chongqing city , this part gives the analysis on the capital adequacy ratio and other related indictors of Chongqing commercial banks .

农户储蓄存款首选国家正规金融机构。

The farmers prefer national formal financial institutions for saving deposits . 3 .

造成问题的根本原因在于农村正规金融机构与农村经济主体之间广泛存在信息不对称。

The root cause lies in the information asymmetry between rural formal financial institutions and farmers .

本文的研究显示，企业社会责任越强的企业从正规金融机构融资的能力越强。

This study shows that enterprises with CSR awareness tend to have easier access to financing .

正规金融机构是乡村债务的主要债权人，但私人债权比重逐步增加；

The formal finance organizations are main loaners , but the proportion of private loans increases gradually ;

在正规金融机构信贷资金投入不足的情况下，农户和农村企业更多地从非正规金融渠道获取资金，但非正规金融也存在利率高、易引发金融风险等问题。

At present , farmers and rural enterprises rely more on the informal financial institutions to get credit .

由于正规金融机构不能满足中小企业的资金需求，中小企业急需寻求新的融资渠道。

Informal finance can not meet the funding needs of SMEs , SMEs need to seek new financing channels .

农村消费信贷的盈利性是农村正规金融机构供给农村消费信贷的前提条件。

The profitability of rural consumption credit is precondition for traditional formal financial institutions to provide rural consumption credit .

农民专业合作社向正规金融机构融资是解决资金缺乏的重要渠道。

It is a very important channel for the farmers ' professional cooperatives to finance from the formal financial institutes .

农户资金借贷主要来源是民间金融，而从正规金融机构贷款比例逐年提高；

Source of lending funds is mainly from private financing , but percentage of borrowing from official financial institutions is increasing ;

从资金供给方面来看，农户在进行农业投资资金不足时，他可以选择从正规金融机构和非正规金融机构进行借贷。

In terms of the capital supply , the peasants can borrow and loan from formal financial institutions and non-formal financial institutions .

例举了国外正规金融机构从事小额信贷实现可持续发展的典型经验及国际小额信贷的可持续发展方向。

Meanwhile , it also exemplifies the typical experience and directions in the implementation of sustainable microcredit of the foreign financial institutions .

一方面建立贷款保险制度，降低正规金融机构对农户贷款的风险。

On one hand , we must establish a loan insurance system to reduce the risk of the financial institutions of lending to farmers .

本文在对农村金融市场的盈利空间进行分析的前提下，从信息处理能力和博弈参与能力两个方面探讨了农村金融市场上的正规金融机构的内在不足。

This paper studies the weakness of rural formal finance on information process and game participation , based on the profitability of rural commercial finance .

农村信用社作为农村正规金融机构开展小额信贷业务是中国小额信贷正规化的必然选择，也是中国农村金融发展的现实需要。

It is a necessary choice for the commercialization of China 's microfinance , and it also adapts to the development of rural finance in China .

而农户和农村中小企业的融资行为特点决定了其很难从传统的商业化正规金融机构得到贷款。

However , because of the financial behavior features , the farmers and the SME are difficult to get loans from the traditional regular financial institutions .

通过对农村金融情况的调查发现，当前农户贷款来源中民间借贷逐步占据了主要地位，正规金融机构提供的金融服务比重下降。

The investigation on rural finance tells that civil debt and credit , instead of the financial service from state organizations , has played a chief role .

小额信贷作为服务穷人的金融，解决了长期以来正规金融机构不能为贫困人口提供有效信贷服务的问题。

Microfinance resolve the problem that formal financial institutions could not provide an effective credit services to the poverty-stricken population in long-term as the poor financial services .

农村需求型金融抑制表现为农户对正规金融机构贷款的有效需求不足，从而导致农业投资严重不足。

Rural demand-based suppression lies in the lack of effective demand for loans from the peasants . This leads to a serious shortage of investment in agriculture .

最后分析了政府在农村金融领域中的作用及在正规金融机构小额信贷运行中政府、金融机构与农户的利益互动关系，并提出了相应的政策建议。

Finally , the thesis analyses the role of government in rural finance and the relations of government , financial institutions and households , and then gives some suggestions .

本文将商业性小额贷款公司和正规金融机构视为我国普惠金融体系的两个子系统，利用协同度模型测量两者间协同发展的程度。

We see the commercial microfinance and the formal finance as two subsystems of our inclusive financial system , and use synergy model to calculate their degree of coordinated development .

一方面具有正规金融机构的组织性和规范性；一方面又具有非正规金融的信息对称性、灵活性和交易成本低等优势。

On the one hand have formal financial institutions organized and normative ; On the other hand , which has advantage of information symmetry , flexibility and low transaction cost informal finance .

然而，农村信用社提供的贷款远不能满足农民对资金的需求，农村地区正规金融机构的退出为农村地区非正规金融提供了存在的土壤。

However , loans provided by rural credit cooperatives can not meet the capital demand of farmers . The withdrawal of informal financial institutions provided the existing soil for rural informal finance .

本研究的主要结论：第一，中国的农村信用社农户小额信用贷款的开展作为中国正规金融机构小额信贷的开端，必将在中国的农村金融领域发挥重要的作用；

Main conclusions of this paper are as follows : 1 . As the beginning of the commercialization of microfinance in China , RCC-MC will perform an important function in rural finance .

其次，非国有企业会和以银行为代表的正规金融机构建立良好合作关系，降低双方的信息不对称程度，力争从这个主要的外部正式融资渠道获得贷款；

Second , the NSOEs will establish intimate relations with financial institutes such as banks to eliminate asymmetry between them so that the enterprises can get credit through the normal financial channels ;

历次改革的举措虽多，但大多是在机构观指导下的主要围绕正规金融机构的调整与改革，以及对于非正规金融机构的清理和整顿。

Previous reform initiatives which are under the guidance of " institutional view ", mostly pay attention to adjustment around the formal financial institutions , and the rectification of non-formal financial institutions .

我国于1994年引入了小额信贷并进行了试点，1999年农村信用社作为正规金融机构开始试点小额信贷。

In 1994 , Micro-credit was introduced to our country and conducted a pilot , in 1999 , as a formal financial institution , Rural Credit Cooperatives started a pilot of Micro-credit .