政府外债

政府外债绩效审计评价初探

On the Evaluation of Auditing Effects of the Government 's Foreign Debts

地方政府外债项目管理研究

The Study of Local Government External Debt Management

政府外债项目绩效审计评价指标体系的构建研究

Study on the Indicator System of Government Foreign Debt Rating of Project Performance Audit

对广东地方政府外债的特点进行了归纳，着重分析了这一时期广东独特的政治地位与这些特点的关系。

The characters of this foreign loans are concluded , and the connection between them and particular political station of Guangdong are analyzed .

同时，政府外债的双重性决定了，山东省政府外债风险是客观存在的，并以多种形式日益显现。

At the same time , the dual nature of government foreign loan decides the risk of government foreign loan is objectively existent and shows with various forms .

通过全方位、多层次的控制策略，确保新疆政府外债项目取得预期收益，财政风险降至最低水平。

Only through multi-directional and multi-level control strategy , can projects using governmental external debts achieve expected benefits , can the fiscal risks down to the lowest level .

四是在目前学术界和实际工作部门均未研究和建立地方政府外债衡量和监测指标体系的情况下，尝试建立了一套较科学适用的山东省地方政府外债监控评价指标体系。

Finally , under the situation of lacking supervising system both academically and practically , attempts to establish a set of supervising and evaluating system of Shandong local government foreign loan .

特别是由于国家投资体制和政府外债管理体制存在的缺陷等原因，一些政府外债项目还不起债或有意逃废债务，造成许多市县级政府不得不承担偿债责任而且债务负担沉重。

What is worse , due to defects in the investment management system and governmental foreign debts management system , some projects could not afford to pay back loans or even shifted off loans deliberately .

本文初次探讨研究了山东省政府外债的风险性及管理对策，对于全面认识政府外债风险，有效防范化解债务危机具有重要的理论和现实意义。

This paper originally investigates the foreign loan risk and countermeasures of Shandong province , it 's important to realize government foreign loan risk as a whole and prevent debt crisis both in theory and in reality .

学术界对近代外资的研究主要集中于外资对华投资和政府外债两方面，很少涉及从华资企业角度和层面来研究外资的引进。

The academic study of foreign investment in modern China focuses on foreign investment and external debt for government and rarely involves the perspective from the China-funded enterprises and the angle of studying their introduction of foreign capital .

晚清时期政府外债偿还危机因素探析分期偿还，分期付款用分期付款和偿债基金的形式偿清（债务，如抵押）

Exploration and Analysis on the Factors of Governmental Foreign Debt Redemption Crisis in the late Qing Dynasty ; To liquidate ( a debt , such as a mortgage ) by installment payments or payment into a sinking fund .

二是首次系统分析了山东省政府外债风险管理工作存在的主要问题，包括外债利用缺乏统一规划，监管体制不顺，贷款违规使用，历史积欠沉重等。

Secondly , analyses systematically the main problems in Shandong foreign loan risk management , including no plan as a whole in using foreign loans , supervising system is imperfect , using loans illegally , heavy historical debts and so on .

政府外债项目是指我国各级政府借用国际金融组织和外国政府贷款投资建设的基础设施、社会发展等项目，我国政府外债项目几乎涉及所有行业和部门。

Projects financed by government foreign debts mean that governments at each level borrow funds from international financial organizations and foreign governments to invest in infrastructure construction and social development . These projects in china benefit nearly all industries and social sections .

本文以1912&1937年间广东省地方政府外债作为研究对象，详细地论述了这些外债借取的历史背景，分别介绍了这些外债的债权国和债权人、担保、金额和利息、具体用途以及偿还等情况。

The foreign loans of Guangdong local government from 1912 to 1937 being regarded as the studying object , this paper discusses their historical backgrounds in details , and analyzes their creditor nations , creditors , guaranty , sum , accrual , uses and payments .

主要从理论上界定政府外债财政风险的概念，即利用政府外债中，受各种不确定性因素的影响，使得债务人不能如约偿债而给财政带来压力的可能性。

This part theoretically defines the concept of the fiscal risks resulting from governmental external debts , which is the possibility of the fiscal pressure resulting from expenditure growth because the debtors subject to a variety of uncertainties can not pay off the governmental external debts .

国内外许多经济学家认为，政府隐性外债是导致亚洲金融危机的重要因素。

Many economists have thought that government implicit foreign debt may be one of the most important factors which lead to financial crisis in eastern Asia .

作为引进外资的一种重要形式，政府举借外债对缓解经济建设资金的不足，促进经济建设的发展将起到积极作用。

As an important form of introducing foreign capitals , governmental foreign loans take effective functions on relieving capital deficiency of economic construction and on stimulating its development .

但以现代化的眼光从铁路与现代经济的发展，国民政府利用外债的可能性和实际的还款能力等角度来重新诠释1919年的铁路统一问题又可以得出不一样的结论。

But from the development of the railway and modern economy with the modernized eyes , national government utilize possibility and real refund ability , etc. angle of external debt is it annotate railway reunification of 1919 may draw the different conclusion again to come .

但当1982年8月墨西哥政府暂停偿还外债时，这种情形便戛然而止。

But things came to a grinding halt in August 1982 , when the Mexican government suspended debt service .

尽管政府手里的外债极少，但私营企业，包括在由国家主导的俄罗斯经济中处于核心位置的一些公司，有1000多亿美元的贷款将于今年到期。

While the government holds very little foreign debt , private companies , including some at the very core of the state-dominated economy , have more than $ 100 billion in loans coming due this year .

在中央集权的财政体制瓦解的情况下，清政府将绝大部分外债分摊地方，使地方财政进一步恶化。

In the circumstance of Qing dynasty centralization of finance system being broken up , the state apports most of debts to locality , and makes local finance worse than before .