集群绝灭

集群绝灭与生物复苏研究进展

Advances in the study of mass extinction and recovery process

从集群绝灭到集群替换&兼论进化的时空层次与系统地质学

From mass extinction to mass replacement & a Concurrent Discussion on time-space levels of evolution and systems geology

牙形石的绝灭由集群绝灭，气候干燥炎热、造山运动强烈等因素造成。

The extinction of conodont results from the colony extinction , dry and hot weather , and moutain-making movements etc.

大绝灭（即集群绝灭）事件反映了全球环境的大突变，点断了地质历史中的生命记录及其发展历程，预示着生物界的演化出现了最有意义的飞跃。

Mass extinction greatly changed global biotas , punctuated the life records , and played an extraordinary role in the history of evolution .

奥陶纪末期的集群绝灭和铱异常的发现&来自长江三峡东部地区奥陶系/志留系界线剖面的例证

Terminal Ordovician mass extinction and discovery of iridium anomaly-an example from the Ordovician-Silurian boundary sec - tion , Eastern Yangtze Gorges area , china

研究了泥盆系-石炭系界线和二叠系-三叠系界线上下的鱼类微体化石；长兴煤山二叠纪末鱼类的集群绝灭发生的很晚，持续的时间很短，规模很大，绝灭率高达93%；

During the end-Permian mass extinction in the Meishan section , fishes were late to become extinct , duration of the fish mass extinction was short and extinction rates of fishes were high and reached 93 % .

文章讨论了岩石圈的联合古陆事件，生物圈的重要生物类别的出现、生物爆发事件和集群绝灭事件，水圈和大气圈的海平面变化事件和气候的变冷、变暖事件。

This article discusses the Pangea events of the lithosphere , important organic occurrence or explosion and mass extinction events of a biosphere , sea level changes and climatic warming and cooling events of the hydrosphere and atmosphere .

越来越多的证据显示火山作用是引起这次生物集群绝灭最可能的原因，虽然其他的因素，如海平面变化，海洋缺氧，地外行星撞击，甲烷及其水合物释放等，还没有排除。

More and more evidences show that the volcanism might be the most likely cause of this event , although others triggers , such as sea level change , oceanic anoxia , bolide impact , methane gas hydrates , have not been excluded .

进而还探讨了植物集群绝灭事件发生的原因，笔者认为其直接外部原因，可能是局部地质事件（如：构造活动、火山爆发）引起热带雨林大面积消失，使气候变干旱所致。

The causes of the mass extinction are discussed . It is suggested that the direct external cause was various local geological events ( e. g. tectonic activity and volcanic eruption ) that led to disappearance of extensive tropical rain forests and occurrence of drought .