量子不可克隆定理

本文主要介绍了量子不可克隆定理的物理内容以及量子复制机的基本原理。

We review the quantum no-cloning theorem and the principle of the quantum copying machine .

又如，量子不可克隆定理使得量子信息不能像经典信息那样可以被任意复制，这使得人们能够建立起绝对安全的量子密码系统。

Such as the establishment of the safe absolute quantum code system , based on the quantum no-cloning theorem which forbids the quantum information be copied as the classical information .

该方案的安全性基于量子不可克隆定理。

The security of the scheme is based on quantum non-cloning principle .

广义量子不可克隆定理使得两个量子态仅当它们正交时才能被同一物理过程克隆。

Generalized quantum non-cloning theorem claims that two different states can be cloned only if they are orthogonal .

第三部分关于黑洞信息佯谬问题，包括黑洞互补原理与量子不可克隆定理之间的关系。

The third part is about the black hole information paradox , which also includes the relations between the black hole complementarity and quantum non-cloning theorem ;

由于量子不可克隆定理和海森堡测不准原理保证了量子密码的无条件安全性和对监听的可检测性，量子密码已经成为最具吸引力的前沿领域。

Since quantum no-cloning and the Heisenberg uncertainty relation ensure the absolute security and the ability of detecting eavesdropper , quantum cryptography has become the most attractive frontiers in recent years .

量子不可克隆定理是由量子力学基本限定希尔伯特空间的线性性而得到的，它指出：不可能准确地复制任意未知量子态。

The deviation of the theorem is based on the basic constraint in quantum mechanics-the linearity of the Hilbert space . It points out that it is impossible to exactly copy an arbitrary unknown quantum state .

而对于量子计算机，由于量子不可克隆定理的局限，精确地拷贝任意未知量子态是不能实现的，因此人们要将更多的精力放在对近似的量子克隆理论的研究。

For quantum computer , because of the no-cloning theorem and the linearity of the Hilbert space , an arbitrary unknown quantum state is not copied exactly . Therefore much more attention has been turned to approximate quantum cloning .

量子力学的基本原理：量子不可克隆定理，海森堡不确定性原理和测量塌缩理论决定了任何对密钥的窃听都可以被合法通信方发现。

According to the basic principles of quantum mechanics including quantum no-cloning theorem , the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and measurement-collapse theory , any eavesdropping on the key can be found by legitimate communication parties .

量子密钥的安全性由量子测量理论和量子不可克隆定理所保证。

The security of QKD is guaranteed by the quantum measurement theory and quantum no cloning theorem .

基于量子物理的基本原理，如量子不确定性原理、量子不可克隆定理等，量子密钥分发过程中任何可能存在的窃听行为都可以被检测出来，从而可以为合法通信双方提供无条件安全的通信。

Based on the basic principles of the quantum physics , for example the uncertainty principle and the quantum no-cloning principle , any eavesdropping attacks can be detected and the unconditional security communication between two legal parties can be achieved .

不同于以数学问题为基础的传统密码体制，量子密码学的安全性是由海森堡测不准原理以及单量子不可克隆定理来保证的。

Different from traditional cryptography which based on the assumed difficulty of mathematical problems , the security of quantum cryptography is based on Heisenberg uncertainty principle and quantum no-cloning theorem .

对一个未知的量子态精确的复制（或克隆）是不可能的，这是支配量子体系的基本原理之一，即量子不可克隆定理。

It is impossible to copy ( or clone ) an unknown quantum state perfectly . This is one of the basic rules governing the quantum physics , and that is no-cloning theorem .

量子保密通信以量子力学和经典密码学为理论基础，利用微观粒子的量子属性实现信息保护，其安全性由量子不可克隆定理和量子测不准原理保证。

Quantum secure communication which uses the quantum effect to protect the information is based on quantum mechanics and classical cryptography . The security is based on quantum non-cloning theorem and uncertainty principle .

量子密钥分配技术是信息安全中最热门的研究课题，它起源于量子力学中的测不准原理和未知量子态的不可克隆定理。

Quantum key distribution technique is a popular research subject in information security field , which is based on Heisenberg 's uncertainty principle and no-clone theory .

量子密码学是量子力学和密码学相结合的一门学科，量子密码的安全性由量子力学的基本原理&测不准原理和单量子态不可克隆定理保证。

The security of quantum cryptosystems is guaranteed by the fundamental laws of quantum mechanics : the uncertainty principle and the non-cloning theorem .