批量合同

因此，批量合同受到承托双方的欢迎，在国际海上货物运输领域得到了广泛的运用。

Therefore , volume contract is widely used by both carrier and shipper in the field of cargo shipping .

通过对《鹿特丹规则》中与批量合同相关的条文进行分析，探讨和评论其中涉及的法律问题。

This essay will discuss and comment on the legal issues involved by analyzing the relevant provisions considering volume contracts .

《鹿特丹规则》的一个创新之处在于将批量合同明确纳入了公约的调整范围，并对批量合同采取非强制适用的原则。

One of the innovations of the Rotterdam rules is that the convention explicitly applies to volume contract and allows volume contracts to take a non-mandatory application under some conditions .

之后，本文对批量合同中的主要条款及可能涉及的法律问题进行了详细的论述，以便帮助合同双方当事人充分熟悉和了解批量合同这一全新的海上货物运输合同形式，从而维护自身权益。

Furthermore , this thesis discusses main clauses in volume contract and involved legal issues in order that the parties to the contract can understand and know volume contract well and they can benefit from the this contract .

与传统海上货物运输合同相比，批量合同具有显著的优势，既能为承运人保证稳定的货源和收益，又能为托运人保证充足的运力和优惠的运价。

Volume contract has significant advantage compared to traditional contracts of carriage , it can not only ensure enough supply of goods and profits to the carrier but also provide sufficient carrying capacity and low prices to the shipper .

面向大批量定制的合同处理平台的研究

Research on Contract-Processing Platform for Mass Configuration

冷轧薄板生产的工艺流程复杂程度远高于普钢生产过程，产品规格多、批量小，对合同交货期要求严格。

The production technical process of cold rolling is more complex than other normal steel and iron production , whose has characteristics of many product specifications , small batch and strict order due date .

批量计划层包括合同计划优化模块和一体化批量计划优化模块，作业调度层包括作业调度优化模块，动态调度层包括基于规则的动态调度主控模块和实时控制器。

Batch-planning layer includes an order-planning optimization module and an integrated batch-planning optimization module , task-scheduling layer includes a task-scheduling optimization module , and the dynamic scheduling layer includes a dynamic scheduling main-controlling module based on rules and a real-time controller .

另一方面，钢铁企业由于生产工艺和设备的限制，使其必须采用大规模的批量生产方式，这就造成了与客户的小批量合同需求之间的不可避免的矛盾。

On the other side , due to the production technology and processing equipment constraints , mass production has gradually become one of mainstream production modes in the steel industry , whereas it clashes with the customer demands .