底物磷酸化

方法：采用复合因素塑造大白鼠脾气虚证模型，采用底物磷酸化法检测模型脾肝组织蛋白激酶C活性。

Method : Rat model with spleen-Qi deficiency syndrome were built by classical method and activities of protein kinase C were detected with substrate phosphorylation method .

采用底物磷酸化法检测PKC活性。

PKC activity was detected by substrate phosphorylation method .

用底物磷酸化激酶测定法检测受体外周血淋巴细胞PKC的活性并用westernblot印迹法鉴定；用酶联免疫吸附法检测受体外周血液中白细胞介素-2（IL-2）的水平。

To measure the activity of PKC with substrate phosphorolysis kinase assay and Western blot , and also the level of serum IL-2 with ELISA .

检测该激酶的自磷酸化与底物磷酸化，以HistoneⅢ-S作为蛋白激酶的底物，结果显示出该激酶不依赖于Ca~（2+）和CaM的自磷酸化与底物磷酸化的激酶活性。

This kinase phosphorylated itself and substrate Histone III-S in the reaction mixture , the activities of protein kinases is not regulated by Ca2 + and CaM .

血管抑制素功能结构域K1与PKA底物磷酸化基序的融合表达及磷酸化标记

Fusion Expression of Functional Domain K1 of Angiostatin with PKA Phosphorylating Motif and Labeling of the Protein by Phosphorylation

与大鼠不同，在本研究中，小鼠精子PKA底物磷酸化在获能过程逐渐下降，但仍可被SACH抑制。

Mouse sperm showed a decrease of PKA substrates phosphorylation during capacitation , and the phosphorylation could be inhibited by SACH .

活化的PKB可以使多种底物磷酸化，从而调节糖代谢与转运、基因转录、蛋白质的合成和细胞凋亡等重要生理过程。

Activated PKB can phosphorylate many cellular proteins , and adjust metabolism and transport of glucose , gene transcription , protein synthesis , cell apoptosis .

对细胞周期调控的研究使人们认识到其核心是细胞周期蛋白激酶（cyclindependentKinases，CDKs）的时相性激活，它们通过对相应底物磷酸化，趋使着细胞完成细胞周期。

Through the investigation of the regulation of cell cycle , people realized that activation of cyclin dependent kinases ( CDKs ) is pivotal part of this process finishing the cell cycle by phosphorylation of the substrate .

方法通过外源性底物磷酸化方法，测定了16例正常皮肤、22例银屑病皮损、5例皮肤鳞癌组织角质形成细胞膜酪氨酸蛋白激酶（TPK）的活性。

Method The activity of tyrosine protein kinase ( TPK ) was determined by using exogenic substrates in 16 samples of normal skin , 22 psoriatic lesion and 5 skin squamous carcinoma .

目前，信号通路的研究主要通过检测蛋白激酶的活化，蛋白激酶活化的检测方法主要有细胞内转位、丝苏氨酸残基的磷酸化及特殊底物磷酸化，这些方法缺乏直接性及灵敏性。

At present , we mainly check the protein kinase activation to study the signaling pathway , methods for the detection of protein kinases including the intracellular translocation , serine-threonine residues phosphorylation and specific substrate phosphorylation , but these methods are lack of directness and sensitivity .

这是因为在厌氧条件下，菌体生长来源的ATP主要由发酵途径的底物水平磷酸化偶联生成。

Under anaerobic conditions , the ATP required for biomass generation was mainly supplied through substrate phosphorylation in fermentation pathways .

细胞内游离Ca2+升高，激活一些蛋白磷酸酶，使底物蛋白磷酸化，将外界信号级联放大，进入核内，影响DNA复制，导致细胞恶变及肿瘤细胞的增殖分化。

The increasing of intracellular free Ca2 + active some protein phosphatase , thereby , affected cell DNA replication , leading to cell malignant transformation and tumor cell proliferation and differentiation .

方法底物蛋白磷酸化法检测35例妊高征患者及正常孕妇外周血和新生儿脐血血小板细胞膜和细胞浆的PKC活性。

Methods Activities of PKC in membrane and plasma of platelets from maternal vein and umbilical blood taken from 35 PIH patients and 20 normal pregnant women were measured with substrate phosphorylation method .

提取同一胶质瘤组织标本中核蛋白质，用p53蛋白为特异底物的磷酸化反应检测其中的DNA-PK活性。

Nuclear protein was extracted from the glioma sample of the same patient and its DNA-PK activity was determined by a biotinylated DNA-PK assay with p53-derived peptide as a specific substrate .

高温胁迫和SA处理均激活了叶片中能将底物MBP磷酸化的蛋白激酶，当MBP浓度为0.5mg/mL时该激酶活性达到最高值，其后，随底物浓度的增大，活性出现下降趋势。

The activity of this protein kinase reached a peak value as the concentration of MBP was 0.5 mg / mL , and then , its activity declined as the concentration of MBP increased continuously .

以[γ-32P]GTP为磷酸供体，以精胺为激活剂，以肝素为抑制剂，用放射自显影的方法检测底物蛋白磷酸化。

Using [ γ - 32P ] GTP as the phosphoryl donor , spermine as the activator and heparin as the inhibitor , the phosphorylated substrates were visualized by autoradiography of dried SDS-polyacrylamide gel .

老龄大鼠肝脏和骨骼肌胰岛素受体底物-1及磷酸化蛋白激酶B的表达

Effects of Aging on the Expressions of Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 , Phosphate Protein Kinase B in Rat Liver and Muscle

结果显示，热休克反应降低了LPS诱导的JNK激酶及其下游底物c-Jun的磷酸化水平。

Our data show that heat shock response decreased LPS-induced phosphorylation of JNK and its downstream substrate c-Jun.

PTP-1B通过使胰岛素受体及其底物酪氨酸去磷酸化而阻断胰岛素的信号转导。

PTP-1B dephosphorylates phosphotyrosine residues of the active insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrates , and disrupts the insulin signal transduction .

胰岛素抵抗的分子机制&胰岛素受体底物-1丝氨酸磷酸化和p85α表达增加

Molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance : serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 and increased expression of p85 α the two sides of a coin

游离脂肪酸抑制大鼠肝细胞胰岛素受体和胰岛素受体底物-1酪氨酸磷酸化

Free fatty acids down regulate tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate 1 in rat hepatic cells

丙泊酚对肝脏缺血-再灌注损伤大鼠胰岛素受体及其底物表达和磷酸化的影响

Effects of propofol on the expressions and phosphorylations of insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrates in rat hepatocytes after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury

其中蛋白激酶可通过对底物可逆的磷酸化来参与胁迫信号的传导，从而进一步调节外界胁迫对作物造成的伤害。

Protein kinase may be reversible through the phosphorylation to participate in stress signal transduction , thereby further respond to external stresses on plants .

高脂喂养大鼠肝脏、骨骼肌、脂肪及胰岛组织中胰岛素受体和胰岛素受体底物-1及其磷酸化水平的早期改变

Early Changes of Insulin Receptor , Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 and Their Tyrosine Phosphorylation in Pancreatic Islets , Liver , Muscle and Adipose Tissue of High Fat-fed Rats

方法：以抗ATM抗体免疫沉淀的ATM为激酶，抗HA抗体免疫沉淀的PTC1的TK结构域为底物，进行体外磷酸化，检测ATM对ret-TK结构域的磷酸化作用；

METHODS : RET TK phosphorylation was determined by in vitro kinase assay using the immunoprecipitation with anti ATM antibody as kinase and the immunoprecipitation of HA tagged TK as substrate .

结果：nelfinavir降低胰岛素刺激的胰岛素受体底物IRS-2和Akt-Thr308磷酸化，并呈剂量依赖关系。

Results : Nelfinavir decreased insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of IRS-2 and Akt-Thr ~ ( 308 ) in a dose-dependent manner ;

骨骼肌胰岛素受体底物-1及其丝氨酸磷酸化与酪氨酸磷酸化在感染大鼠胰岛素抵抗中的作用

Effects of insulin receptor substrate-1 and its serine phosphorylation and tyrosine phosphorylation on insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells in the state of sepsis : experiment with rats