外周耐受

CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞（regulatoryTcells，Tregs）是天然产生的调节性T细胞的重要亚群之一，在调控免疫系统和维持外周耐受方面起着重要作用。

As a necessary subset of natural occurring regulatory T cells , CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells ( Tregs ) play an important role in modulating the immune system and maintaining peripheral tolerance .

综述自身反应性T细胞逃逸外周耐受、从外周血向毛囊迁移，及其介导斑秃发病的证据。

This review focuses on the mechanisms of autoreactive T cells escaping peripheral tolerance , migration from blood to hair follicles , and evidence that alopecia areata is mediated by T cells .

结论：CD4+CD25+Tr细胞的相对降低，引起外周耐受状态的打破；

CONCLUSION : The relative reduce of CD4 + CD25 + Tr can lead to the breakdown of peripheral autoimmune tolerance .

调节性T细胞是一类在免疫调节中不可缺少的T细胞群，并且认为它在外周耐受尤其是在母胎免疫耐受中起重要作用。

It is thought that Treg cells play a critical role in peripheral tolerance , especially in maternal immunotolerance to the fetus .

近年更多的研究表明，DC在外周免疫耐受中起关键性作用。

Recently investigations indicated that DCs play a critical role in the peripheral tolerance .

调节性T细胞（Tregs）在免疫调节和维持外周免疫耐受方面起重要作用。

Regulatory T cells ( Tregs ) play an essential role in modulating the immune system and maintaining peripheral tolerance .

CD4+CD25+调节性T（Tr）细胞在维持外周自身耐受从而防止自身免疫病的发生、抑制严重的炎症性疾病和下调肿瘤免疫应答中发挥着重要的作用。

CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T ( Tr ) cells play a critical role in the maintenance of self-tolerance , preventing autoimmune disease , inhibiting harmful infectious diseases and down-regulating anti-tumour immune response .

Fas/FasL介导的T细胞凋亡是机体诱导和维持外周免疫耐受的重要机制[10,11]。

T cells apoptosis mediated by Fas / FasL is a major mechanism for peripheral immune tolerance .

越来越多的研究表明调节T细胞是外周免疫耐受的关键。

More recent researches have shown that regulatory T cell is a key element in peripheral tolerance .

但目前无论是中央型还是外周型耐受均因操作复杂或效果不确定而无法奏效。

But at present , neither the central nor the peripheral tolerance strategies get great achievement because of the complicated manipulation method or unsure effects .

口服某种抗原后，机体免疫系统可对该抗原产生低或无应答效应，这种现象，即为口服耐受，这是诱导外周免疫耐受的一种公认的方法。

Presentation of these antigens along mucosal surfaces by oral feeding or intragastric intubation is an effective and recognized method of inducing peripheral hyporesponsiveness , and this phenomenon is often referred to as oral tolerance .

这种调节可能是T细胞生理性反应机制的一部分，同时也可能形成一种外周淋巴细胞免疫耐受机制。

This regulation may be a physiological mechanism , but may be an immune tolerance mechanism .

另外，通过特异性阻断协同刺激信号B7/CD28以及CD40/CD40L的传导，可获得外周性免疫耐受。

In addition , peripheral immune tolerance can be obtained by blocking the conduction of B7 / CD28 and CD40 / CD40L specifically .

本研究目的是探讨在超抗原金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素（SEB）诱导外周T细胞免疫耐受的作用机制。

TO study the mechanism of peripheral T cell tolerance induced by superantigen staphylococus aureus enterotoxin B ( SAgSEB ) .

表明此类患者有高胰岛素血症，这与外周组织对胰岛素耐受及肝脏清除胰岛素能力下降有关：高胰岛素血症参与了患者睾酮的合成。

These findings suggested that hyperinsulinemia , which were related to insulin resistance in peripheral tissues , and decreased hepatic clearance in these patients may be involved in the production of high levels of testosterone .

非成熟DC（iDC）产生的外染色体能够维持外周耐受，而成熟DC（mDC）产生的外染色体能够刺激效应性T细胞，因此外染色体在诱导免疫耐受中发挥着重要作用。

The exosomes produced by immature DCs can maintain peripheral tolerance , while exosomes produced by mature DCs can stimulate effector T cells . Therefore the exosomes play a important role in inducing immune tolerance .