原肠胚

在水温18~22℃条件下，胚胎从受精到孵化出膜历时66h，经过了胚盘形成期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期、器官分化期6个主要阶段。

The incubation period is 66 hours from 18 to 22 ℃ . The embryonic development process can be divided into 6 stages , including fertilized egg , cell cleavage , blastula , gastrula , neural stage and organ formation , and there are thirty-one developmental phases observed noticeably .

蝾螈原肠胚外胚层诱导处理后蛋白质的双向电泳

Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of newt gastrula ectoderm treated by inducing agents

至受精后48h，诱导组滞育的原肠胚和担轮幼虫比例显著高于对照组。

The arrested gastrulae and trochophore were found significantly higher in treated groups than that in controls during 48h post-fertilization .

RT-PCR结果表明GDF8/11基因在新受精的细胞、早原肠胚和刀形胚胎中表达，这与哺乳动物中的情况不同。

RT-PCR results showed that GDF8 / 11 gene was expressed in new fertilized cell , early gastrulation and knife-shaped embryo , which was different from that in mammals .

在胚胎发育初期，FGF可诱导原肠胚形成期间的细胞迁移和神经板前后体轴的建立；

FGF control cell migration and establishment of the anterior-posterior body axis of the neural plate during gastrulation .

从卵细胞到原肠胚均呈比较均一的NSE强阳性或POD阳性。

The distribution of NSE and POD were relatively even in the embryo from the oocyte to the gastrula and the embryo showed very strong positive NSE and positive POD .

用623μJμm~2能量密度照射二细胞期卵裂沟的卵，多数只能发育至原肠胚，少数发育成为头部分化不全的蝌蚪而死亡。

When the cleavage furrow of the two cell stage was irradiated with an energy density of 623 μ J / μ m ~ 2 , most of the embryos died in the gastrula stage .

单环刺螠虫受精后卵子先后排放第一、二极体，经螺旋型卵裂后生成腔囊胚，囊胚经内陷形成原肠胚，胚体于受精后24h孵化，形成担轮幼虫。

After artificial fertilization , the first and second polar body was released from the egg . The blastula was formed by spiral cleavage . The gastrula , which was formed by invagination , was hatched at 24h pf ( post-fertilization ) .

目的：确定原肠胚前期胚胎对发育毒性药物敏感的时间点，并建立评价Cyc诱导胚胎发育异常机制的分子生物学指标。

AIM : To seek a sensitive time point for pre-gastrulation embryos exposed to developmental toxic agents , and to establish a molecular biomarker to evaluate the mechanism of cyclophosphamide-induced embryonic abnormalities in vivo .

细胞的这种向里推进标志着原肠胚形成的开始。

This pushing-in of cells marks the start of gastrulation .

但是多倍体和非整倍体胚胎在原肠胚阶段出现程度不同的发育障碍，这是该项四倍体诱导技术面临的一个严峻挑战。

However , the large proportion of arrested gastrulae remains a major challenge for tetraploid production .

原肠胚外胚层阳性反应较内胚层强。

The positive reaction in the ectoderm is stronger than the endoderm in the phase of gastrulae .

除了观察正常细胞的原肠胚形成，科学家们还观察了突变细胞。

In addition to looking at normal gastrulation , the scientists also looked at what happens to gastrulation when mutations occur .

东方蝾螈早期原肠胚外胚层细胞的细胞周期与反应能力&Ⅰ.外胚层细胞的细胞周期和细胞同步化

The cell cycle and competence of ectodermal cells of early gastrula of Cynops orientalis & ⅰ . the cell cycle and synchronization

结果表明，单环刺消化道起源于原肠胚期内陷而成的原肠腔；

The results showed that , the digestive canal initiated from the gastrocoele , which was formed by invagination at gastrula stage .

但是，由于至今未发现可靠的囊胚期到原肠胚期和幼体孵化的化石证据，此类化石的动、植物之争一直没有停止。

Due to the shortage of trustworthy evidence of gastrula and hatching , their phylogenetic affinity remains a problem of long controversy .

在海水盐度23.8ppt、pH8.1、温度20℃的条件下，精卵能受精，但胚胎发育到原肠胚期停止；

When the temperature rose up to 20 ℃, the oocyte could be fertilized but the development of embryos stops at archenteron stage .

外胚层囊胚的外层，在原肠胚形成之后生后外胚层组织随胚的发育和生长，胚乳细胞逐渐解体。

The outer layer of a blastula that gives rise to the ectoderm after gastrulation . Endosperm , cells disorganize gradually along with embryo development .

囊胚及原肠胚等胚胎细胞则具有较强分裂能力，囊胚细胞更是建立胚胎干细胞的主要材料之一。

Especially , the cell cultures of early developing embryo , including morulaand blastula , are one of two sources of embryonic stem ( ES ) cells .

经胚胎和幼虫发育观察发现，在诱导组中异常原肠胚的比例高于对照组；

Observation on embryo and larval development revealed that the proportion of abnormal gastrulae , as well as development-arrested trochophore-stage larvae , was higher in CB-treated group than that in controls .

并就乌龟发育分期的标准，原肠胚的形成，羊膜尾褶和后羊膜管，早期胚胎的自身运动等问题进行了讨论。

The authors discussion the staging parameters of embryonic development , the forming of gastrulation , " ammon tail fold " and " posterior amnion tube " and the forward movement of the embryo itself .

胚胎发育到原肠胚时的细胞层，分为内胚层、中胚层、外胚层，各胚层将发育成一定的组织器官。

Germ layer & One of three distinct layers of cells that arise in the inner cell mass , the ectoderm , mesoderm , and endoderm , each of which develops into a distinctly different tissue in the embryo .

结果显示，黑斑口虾蛄在胚胎和幼体的发育过程中，水的体积分数先降低，至原肠胚期开始升高，到第二相幼体期达到最高，之后又有所回落；

The results showed that water content decreased first , then increased in the gastrula stage of embryonic development , reached the highest content at the second phrase larvae stage and then began to decrease from the third phase larva stage .

在原肠期，胚区前端的外胚层细胞增殖形成视叶原基。

The results showed : At gastrula stage , the cells in front of the embryonic area gradually cleave to form optic disc rudiment .

从受精卵到仔鱼出膜可分为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、胚体形成期4个主要阶段，22个发育时期。

From fertilized eggs to newly hatched larvae , can be divided into 4 main stages ; including cleavage stage , blastula stage , gastrula stage and formation of embryo stage , total 22 embryonic development stages .

表达Cf-vasa的原生殖细胞形成于原肠胚时期，在担轮幼虫中对称分布于口凹两侧，并随幼虫发育迁移至D型幼虫末端后，继续沿边缘向腹面迁移。

The putative PGCs with Cf-vasa expression form in gastrula stage , and are located symmetrically at both sides of the stomodeum in trochophore . These cells subsequently migrate to the posterior pole of D-shaped larva and then migrate towards abdomen .