先行词

如果我们的论述中有如果，我们在主张先行词，假设条件句或者结果，然后从句，或者我们说如果P那么。

If we got an if then statement are we asserting an antecedent , an if clause or the consequent , Q the then clause , or are we saying if P then Q.

我们通常使用哪种关系分句去修饰非名词性先行词？

What kind of relative clause do we normally use to modify a non-nominal antecedent ?

学习用功的学生不怕考试。（who代替先行词student，在从句中作主语。）

The students who studies hard is not afraid of the examination .

这是一个定语从句，teacher是先行词，whoarequalifiedtoteachPekingOpera这个从句是用于修饰先行词teacher的。这句的意思就是培养能够胜任教授京剧课程。

to create teachers who are qualified to teach Peking Opera .

这句话中，关系从句将先行词candidate限制为一个人。

In this sentence the relative clause restricts the application of the word candidate to a single person .

反身代词和它的先行词间的同一性关系。

The coreferential relation between a reflexive pronoun and its antecedent .

先行词既指人又指物时。

We talked about the persons and things that we remembered .

用於关系从句的先行词前

Used in front of the antecedent of a relative clause

回指对象和其先行词之间的关系。在目录服务图中连接父子关系对象。

Connects objects in parent-child relationships a directory services diagram .

当先行词中既有人又有物时。

Everything that should be done has been done .

由指代法表述回指的那个概念，通常称为先行词或所指者。

The concept referred by zero anaphora is usually called antecedent or signifier .

用作关系从句的先行词。

Used as the antecedent of a relative clause .

他将是一所混合式学校，那里的儿童并不都是残疾。（前面有先行词。）

It will be mixed school where not all the children are disabled .

图像名词词组中反身代词与其先行词的语义关系

The Semantic Relationship Between the Reflexive and Its Antecedent in the Picture Noun Phrase

是他接到了那封信，说他的叔叔去世了。（限制性定语从句，后置省略先行词）

It is he who received the letter that announced the death of his uncle .

代词和先行词的语法功能相同只在某些特定条件下加速代词的加工。

The parallel function of pronoun and its antecedent speeds pronoun assignment under certain conditions .

句子语义、代词和先行词的距离对代词加工的影响

The effect of sentence semantics and distance between pronoun and its antecedent on pronoun processing

如果把定语从句翻译在先行词后面，在“通顺、完整”的前提下，有时候可以不用重复先行词。他们制定出一种新方案，采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。

They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased .

先行词是序数词或者被序数词修饰时。

This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term .

其次，英语中包含多个Wh-语迹的句子中，诸个先行词位置是固定的，而汉语中先行词的位置更任意。

Second , order consistency of wh-trace antecedents is present in English but absent in Chinese .

本研究的结果表明，增加与先行词同一范畴的干扰词的典型性，会使先行词通达困难，导致回指推理失败。

The study results suggested that increasing the typicality of same-category distractor will cause anaphoric inference resolution fail .

但是它却不能用来解释代词前无明显先行词的情况。

But it cannot account for the case when the pronouns do not have any nearby prior antecedent .

采用眼动分析法考察先行词词频对代词加工的影响。

The present experiment investigated whether the processing of pronouns is affected by the lexical frequency of their antecedents .

他虽然经验不足，但很有进取心和创造力，而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。（二）省略先行词。

Although he lacks experience , he has enterprise and creativity , which are decisive in achieving success in the area .

在这样的实验中，能够训练昆虫飞向紫外线，而紫外线对我们来说只是一片黑暗。（非限制性定语从句后置，重复先行词）

In such an experiment the insects can be taught to fly to the ultra-violet , which for us is just darkness .

本文探讨了回指性有定名词词组与先行词间的语义关系及影响这种语义关系的因素。

The paper explores the semantic relations between the anaphoric definite noun phrase and its antecedent and factors affecting the semantic relations .

在语言语境下，可以解决第三人称代词的内指问题，即回指和下指问题。回指和下指的使用有一个共同的前提：话语中必须有其先行词。

Both anaphora and cataphora of third-person pronouns in linguistic context have a premise : there must be their antecedent in a discourse .

代词和先行词之间相隔的分句数而不是字数在一定程度上也影响代词加工。

In addition , the interval between pronoun and its antecedent in terms of clause instead of character influences pronoun processing to a certain extent .

认为，第三人称代词正是通过与先行词的同指而实现间接指称功能，从而实现角色分配的本原功能。

The third personal pronoun must use a word of general lexical meaning as antecedent , then realizes the referential funtion through the co referential relation .

传统的句法研究把照应定位在相互代词和反身代词上，并限于小句的范畴，照应的功用也只限于取代其先行词的句法作用之上。

Traditional syntactic study puts emphasis on reciprocal and reflexive pronouns within sentences . Anaphoric function has been described only as a substitute of an antecedent .