上位基因

其中Ms是显性不育基因，Rf是显性上位基因。

Ms is a dominant sterile gene , Rf is a dominant epistatic gene .

Rf是显性上位基因，它能抑制MS不育基因不育性的表达，从而使育性恢复可育。根据遗传学原理，不育株的基因型为MSrfrf；

According to the principles of genetics , the genotype of sterile plant was MS__rfrf ;

其中一对为显性不育基因，另一对为显性上位基因；

One is the pair of dominant sterile genes , and ' the other is the pair of dominant epistatic genes .

这些研究结果说明，水稻对ABA的敏感性同时受单位点的多基因和上位性基因控制；而且控制种子萌发阶段发芽势和苗期对ABA敏感性的遗传基础有很大的不同。

These results indi-cated that both single and epistatic loci were involved in the ABA sensitivity in rice , and the genetic basis of ABA sensitivity at seed germination and seedling stage was largely different . 4 new genes were obtained .

通过遗传测交试验表明：甘蓝型油菜核不育系ZWA的不育性由两对隐性重叠基因和一对上位抑制基因共同控制。

The results of genetic crossing tests were shown that the sterile of the recessive genic male line ZWA was controlled by two pairs of recessive duplicate genes and one pair of recessive epistatic gene , which possesses restorer resources and can be elected excellent hybrid .

如果没有显性上位抑制基因的作用，显性核不育基因在不同的遗传背景中都能够稳定表达。

Without the effect of the dominant epistatic inhibition gene ( Rf ), the dominant male sterile gene ( Ms ) can be stably expressed in different genetic backgrounds .

光周期敏感指数由2对隐性上位主基因及多基因控制，主基因和多基因遗传率分别为50%和37.5%。

The PSI was conditioned by 2 pairs of major genes with epistatic recessiveness effect and some polygenes . The heritability values of the major genes and polygenes were 50 % and 37.5 % , respectively .

共有7个主效QTL基因，6对上位性QTL基因在2年试验中都检测到，分布在除4、7、9外的其他染色体上。

A total of 7 major QTLs and 6 pairs epistatic effect QTL distributed on all the chromosomes , except 4,7 and 9 , were detected in both years .

在组合M578×S147中，株高的最优遗传模型为E-1模型，即株高的遗传符合两对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合遗传模型。

The optimum genetic model of plant height was E-1 , the inheritance were controlled by two pairs additive-dominance-epitasis major gene plus additive-dominance polygene .

主要研究结果如下：1、烤烟烤性性状的遗传符合两对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因（E1）模型。

The main research results as follows : 1 . The irritable curing characteristic of all treatments are accord with 2 pairs of major genes with additive , dominance and epistatic effect plus additive and dominance polygene ( E1 ) model .

穗位高、雄穗分枝个数、穗粗的遗传均符合C-0模型，即符合加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传模型。

The optimum genetic models of ear height , tassel branch number and ear diameter were C-0 , the inheritance were controlled by additive-dominance-epitasis polygene .

结果表明，3个组合的最适遗传模型皆是两对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因模型（E-1-0模型）。

The best fitted model of three resistant susceptible crosses was two major genes plus polygenes mixed inheritance model ( E-1-0 model ) without exception .

结果表明，黄瓜白粉病抗性遗传模型适合E-1模型，即2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合遗传模型。

Results indicated that the heredity of resistant to powdery mildew in cucumber could be explained by two additive-dominance-epistasis major genes and additive-dominance polygene model ( E-1 model ), and mainly by the main genes .

结果表明：R08×A318组合种子休眠性的遗传符合一对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因模型（D-0模型）。

The results indicated that seed dormancy in the cross of R08 × A318 was controlled by one major gene with additive-dominance effects plus polygene with additive-dominance - epistasis effects ( the D-0 model ) .

结果表明，不同生态环境下，雌雄同株黄瓜单性结实性遗传均符合E-1-1模型，受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因控制，存在基因型与环境互作效应。

The results showed that the interaction between genotype and environment was detected , and the inheritance of parthenocarpy in monoecious cucumber was fitted E-1-1 model , and controlled by two additive-dominant-epistatic major genes and additive-dominant polygenes under different eco-environments .

其中根体积和平均根直径各检测到4对和5对上位性数量基因座，而根长、根表面积和根尖数量都分别只检测到一对上位性基因位点。

There is only one pairs of epistatic QTLs for root length , root surface area and root tips , respectively .

结果表明，在大力／02428组合中，不完全叶长度性状受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因共同控制。长对短部分显性。

The results showed that , in the cross of Ochikara / 02428 , the trait of ILL was controlled by two major genes with additive-dominance-epistatic effects plus polygenes with additive-dominance effects .

结果表明，穗角和每穗颖花数性状均受2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因共同控制；

The results showed that both panicle angle and number of spikelets per panicle were controlled by two major genes with additive-dominance-epistatic effects plus polygenes with additive-dominance-epistatic effects ( Table 4 and Table 7 );