订货费用

大多数EOQ模型所考虑的费用包括订货费用、库存维持费用和缺货费用，且库存的需求量是恒定的，单价与订货数量无关。

Most of the EOQ models cover ordering cost , holding cost and shortage cost , with an invariable demand and price is steady .

器材随机库存管理控制策略及其有关因素包括：订货费用、存贮费用、单位时间内备件的平均费用、不缺备件概率及决策模型。

Equipments random inventory management strategy and relevant factors include ordering cost , storage cost , average cost per unit time , probability of no shortage of spare parts , and decision models .

从财务方面讲，什么是持有成本（或称保管费用，holdingcost）和订货费用（或称购置成本，acquisitioncost）？

C.In financial terms what are the holding and acquisition costs of inventory ?

库存系统的平均总费用包括订货费用、存贮费用和缺货费用。

The mean total inventory cost s cover order cost , inventory cost and shortage cost .

库存的存在可以防范缺货的发生，具有保持生产过程连续性、分摊订货费用、快速满足用户订货需求的作用。

The inventory can prevent parts shortage from happening , with the function of keeping continuous production , apportioning ordering charge and meeting customers ' requirements quickly .

根据成品油经销企业在油价跌势时期的经营情况，把总存货成本划分为存储费用、风险成本、资金成本、缺货成本和订货费用5项。

Based on the operation of refined oil companies during the oil price declining period , the total stock cost is divided into storage cost , risk cost , capital cost , OOS cost and ordering cost .

第一阶段用先路线后定位的方法求得初始解，第二阶段用交换法对初始解进行改进，库存控制变量在每次路线优化时根据订货费用、缺货费用和运输费用而迭代求得。

The first phase gains the initial solution by the first-route later-location . The second phase improves the solution by swap moves . The variables of inventory are gained by iterative method to minimize the cost of ordering goods , lack and transportation .

最后通过给出算例，说明多品种联合订货的总费用比用单一周期订货的总费用低。

Finally , an example is presented , which means the cost of multi-item joint ordering is lower than that of ordering with the same interval .

供应商基于零售商订货数量、订货周期以及订货费用的不同来选择合适的支付策略来刺激零售商增加订货量。

Suppliers select right payment strategy to stimulate retailers increasing ordering quantity based on the differences of retailers ' ordering quantity , ordering cycle and ordering cost .

此时，零售商若增加临时价格折扣下的订货量，会享受更低的进价和订货费用，但较多的订货量同时会增加零售商的存货投资和库存费用。

Increasing order quantity with temporary price discounts can reduce the purchase price and order fees on one hand , but on the other hand , more orders will increase retailers ' inventory investment and other inventory-related costs .

通过对企业材料、备件的合理分类，采取不同的库存控制手段及订货批量的管理方式，使全年的订货费用和储存费用之和最小，以提高企业的经济效益和产品竞争力。

Through classifying the materials and spare parts reasonable , different stock controlling means and ordering management methods should be applied , achieving the lowest sum in order & storage cost all the year round as to raise the economic benefit and enterprise competitiveness .