远期价格

用于电力远期价格预测的组合灰色神经网络方法

The Composite Grey Neural Network Method Used for the Forecast of Power Forward Prices

远期价格同样高企。

Forward prices are also high .

在保证金为零的情况下，期货价格F0与远期价格G0相等是一个熟知的结果。

It is well known that the futures price F 0 is equal to the forward price G 0 under the condition of zero margin .

基于组合灰色神经网络模型的电力远期价格预测

Electricity Forward Price Forecasting Based on Combined Gray Neural Network Model

不，我们想先问问远期价格。

No , we 'll speak about the forward first .

所以这两种货币之间的关系决定远期价格。

So that the relationship between the two currencies determines the forward pricing .

分析师表示，长期供应方面的限制重现，也帮助推高了远期价格。

The re-emergence of long-term supply constraints is also helping to boost forward prices , analysts said .

我们知道今天的价格，也知道未来6个月的远期价格。

We know where the price is today and also know the forward prices for six months .

到期日价格，等于远期价格或股票价格减看涨期权履约价格。

At expiration , equal to the futures or stock price minus the strike price of the call .

远期价格的跌幅也达到了类似的水平，这表明涉及这两种大宗商品的相对价值交易已经开始带来回报。

Forward-prices have fallen by similar levels , suggesting that the relative value commodities trade is already delivering some returns .

但巴克莱认为，尽管现货价格回落，但整个行业的远期价格仍表现强劲。

But Barclays says that even though spot prices have fallen , forward prices are holding up well across the sector .

随着现货与远期价格双双升高，矿商们开始要求大幅提高年度合同价格。

As both spot and forward prices increase , the miners are demanding a sharply higher price for the annual contracts .

展望未来，不断上涨的远期价格表明，投资者认为一系列基本面因素将进一步推动价格走强。

Looking to the future , rising aluminium forward prices suggest investors are seeing further strength driven by a range of fundamental issues .

市场对人民币升值的预期仍较为温和：从人民币远期价格看，市场预计人民币在未来12个月期间兑美元的升值幅度不到3%。

Market expectations of appreciation remain modest : forwards are pricing in a less than 3 per cent strengthening against the dollar over 12 months .

最后，通过例子来说明电力期货的套期保值可以使企业在市场竞争中规避大的价格风险，锁定远期价格或收益。

From this paper we can clearly conclude that power plants and huge power consumers could evade huge price risk and lock the long dated price or profits in market .

期货市场并不能解决粮改中遇到的所有问题，但是在发现粮食市场的远期价格和规避现货市场的风险方面，可以发挥其独特的作用。

The futures market can not solve all the problems confronted in the course of the reform , but it can play its unique role in the price discovery and price risk hedging .

交易员表示，港元和人民币的远期价格显示，市场预计未来3至12个月内，港元与人民币挂钩的可能性约为25%。

Traders say forward Hong Kong dollar and renminbi prices are , in effect , pricing in about a 25 per cent chance that the Hong Kong dollar will link to the renminbi within the next three to 12 months .

电力远期价格受实时电价、利率、负荷需求等多种因素影响，变化趋势复杂，很难建立一个准确的数学模型进行全面描述。

Due to the influences of various factors as real time prices , interest rates and load demands etc. the power forward prices variation trend is complex , it is very difficult to create a precise mathematical model to make the overall description .

针对这一特点，采用灰色动态预测模型对电力远期价格进行预测，提出一种组合灰色神经网络预测模型，并对不同模型的预测结果进行了研究。

Pointing to this feature , the grey dynamic forecast model was adapted to forecast the power forward prices , a kind of composite grey neural network forecast model was put forward , and the research on forecast result of various models were carried out .

以石油远期价格为基础看，市场相信未来石油价格波动的中轴可能在45-55美元之间，这和此前20美元的中轴相比上升了1倍多的水平。

According to the oil prices in long-term , the market believes that the central line of the axis of oil price fluctuating in future may lies between $ 45 and $ 55 , which is one time more than the previous axis of $ 20 .

一般认为，期货与现货市场之间的价格相关关系可使套期保值者和投机商利用期货价格衡量相关现货商品的近期和远期价格的发展趋势。

It is generally accepted that the price correlation between futures market and spot market may facilitate the hedgers and speculators , so that that they can make use of futures prices to measure the price trends of related cash commodities in the near and far future .

过去一年，亚洲基准的API-4煤炭1年期远期合约价格上涨近124%，昨日的交易价格约为每吨153美元，此前曾在本月触及179.50美元的创纪录高点。

The one-year forward contract for the Asian coal benchmark , known as API-4 , has risen by almost 124 per cent over the past year to trade at about $ 153 a tonne yesterday , after reaching a record $ 179.50 this month .

远期合约价格较现货市场价格升水反映了这些上升的成本。

Higher forward prices , relative to the spot market , reflect these increased costs .

虽然远期期货价格仅被视为未来价格走势的一个指标，但分析师认为，它们还是提供了有关当前市场心态的有益线索。

Although far forward prices are considered merely an indicator of future price movements , analysts agree they nonetheless provide useful hints about current market psychology .

远期石油价格的投资理论是，明年经济开始复苏时，将适逢石油供给的减少，从而推动油价急剧走高。

The investment thesis in forward oil prices says that when the economy starts to recover next year it will discover that supply is falling , pushing prices sharply higher .

相关检验结果表明，远期运费价格和现货价格之间的相关系数很高，远期运费价格对现货价格具有很强的引导作用。

The results show that the correlation coefficient between forward freight prices and spot prices is high , forward freight price is playing a guiding role to lead spot price to change .

对于人民币的升值幅度，活跃的交易员设定了一系列目标区间，但消息更加灵通的人士似乎认为，实际升幅将超出远期合约价格所体现出的升值幅度。

Active traders in the renminbi have a range of targets for the rate of appreciation but the better informed seem to believe that it will be in excess of what is discounted by the forward price .

但是，他补充称，这种风险已经在市场中得到了消化，远期外汇价格显示，人民币将在未来12个月中对美元升值逾8%。

However , he adds that this risk is well priced in to the market , with forward foreign exchange prices indicating the renminbi will appreciate by more than 8 per cent against the dollar in the next 12 months .

然而，预计今后两个季度供应量的激增会降低对南北美洲大豆的需求，周四，单月远期大豆价格下跌0.7%，至每蒲式耳14.87美元。

The surge in supply is expected to reduce demand for cargoes from North and South America over the next two quarters , however , and the price of forward month soyabeans fell 0.7 per cent on Thursday to $ 14.87 a bushel .

目前临床常用的有雷帕霉素（Rapamycin）洗脱支架和紫杉醇（paclitaxel）洗脱支架，但药物洗脱支架的使用也面临许多问题，如远期效果、价格昂贵等。

Rapamycin-eluting stent and paclitaxel-eluting stent are used frequently in clinic .