群婚

我们在研究群婚时，再来谈这个问题吧。

We will return to this point when discussing group marriage .

的确，群婚对于男子到今天事实上仍然存在着。

In fact , for men group marriage actually still exists even to this day .

群婚就被对偶制家庭排挤了。

They were displaced by the pairing family .

人类最早的家庭形式应是群婚家庭而非血缘家庭。

Communal marriage is the first form of human family instead of consanguineous family .

由于婚姻禁规日益错综复杂，群婚就越来越不可能；

The increasing complication of these prohibitions made group marriages more and more impossible ;

所有这些都是远古蒙昧、野蛮时代遗留下来的群婚与对偶婚的习俗。

Those were all traces of communal marriage and dual marriage in the uncivilized and savage age .

群婚是男人和女人一起生活的最佳办法。

Noyes decided that group marriage was the best way for men and women to live together .

但是随着个体婚家庭的出现，毫无嫉妒感情的群婚制度遭到了破坏，这是人类情绪性犯罪和现行统治产生的一个相同条件。

Along with the appearance of individual marriage family , group marriage system without envy was destroyed .

当摩尔根写他的著作的时候，我们关于群婚的知识还是非常有限的。

At the time Morgan wrote his book , our knowledge of group marriage was still very limited .

在这里使文明人感到奇怪的事情，按照母权制和在群婚制中却是一种通例。

What seems strange here to civilized people is simply the rule according to mother-right and in group marriage .

在较后的各种群婚形式中，大概仍然存在着类似的状态，只是群的范围逐渐缩小罢了。

In the later forms of group marriage similar relations probably existed , but with the group continually contracting .

恰好相反，正如吉罗&特隆已经指出的，这只是群婚的一种特殊形式；

On the contrary , as Giraud-Teulon has already pointed out , it is a specialized form of group marriage ;

这是野蛮时代所特有的家庭形式，正如群婚之于蒙昧时代，一夫一妻制之于文明时代一样。

The pairing family is the form characteristic of barbarism , as group marriage is characteristic of savagery and monogamy of civilization .

这种杂婚制直接起源于群婚制，起源于妇女为赎买贞操权利而作的献身牺牲。

This hetaerism derives quite directly from group marriage , from the ceremonial surrender by which women purchased the right of chastity .

某种或长或短时期内的成对配偶制，在群婚制度下，或者更早的时候，就已经发生了；

A certain amount of pairing , for a longer or shorter period , already occurred in group marriage or even earlier ;

中国古代婚姻制度曾经历了原始群婚、血缘群婚、亚血缘群婚、对偶婚等形态。

Chinese ancient marriage institutions once went through the patterns of original group marriage , consanguineous group marriage , sub-consanguineous group marriage and duality marriage etc.

婚姻自古至今的发展，其大体经历了乱婚期、群婚制、对偶婚制、一夫一妻制四个阶段。

Marriage is a product of social development , which generally experienced the four stages : chaotic marriage , group marriage , dual marriage , monogamy .

自从那时以来，我们了解了群婚的一系列其它形式，现在我们知道，摩尔根在这里走得太远了。

Since then we have become acquainted with a number of other forms of group marriage , and we now know that Morgan here went too far .

那就是群婚，即整群的男子与整群的女子互为所有，很少有忌妒余地的婚姻形式。

Group marriage , the form of family in which whole groups of men and whole groups of women mutually possess one another , and which leaves little room for jealousy .

无论如何，群婚的遗迹还没有完全消失。群落演替处于快速衰落阶段，退化迹象十分明显。

At any rate , all traces of it have not yet disappeared . The community succession was on the comedown phase rapidly , and the evidence of degeneration was naked .

在斯巴达，是一种由国家根据当地的观点而改变了的对偶婚制，这种对偶婚制在有些方面还像群婚。

The recognized form of marriage in Sparta was a pairing marriage , modified according to the Spartan conceptions of the state , in which there still survived vestiges of group marriage .

由于婚姻禁规日益错综复杂，群婚就越来越不可能；由于民族内部禁止通婚，其成员才得免于血亲通婚的弊害。

The increasing complication of these prohibitions made group marriages more and more impossible ; As intermarriage in the gens was prohibited , it withdrew its members from the evils of consanguine marriages .

不过，他仍然很幸运，在他的普那路亚家庭中碰到了最高的、典型的群婚形式，亦即可以用来更容易地说明向更高形式过渡的那种形式。

However , in his punaluan family he had had the good fortune to strike the highest , the classic form of group marriage , from which the transition to a higher stage can be explained most simply .

从群婚状态到对偶婚制，从母系氏族到父系氏族，姓氏与婚姻的关系经历了根本性的演变，逐步走向伦理规范。

From the state of communal marriage to the institution of antitheses marriage , from matriarchal clan to paternal clan , the relationship between surname and marriage had gone through foundamental development , and it goes to ethical standard progressively .

《诗经》所反映的时代已经进入专偶婚时期，但远古群婚、对偶婚等遗俗依然在一定范围内存在，出现了婚姻形态多元化的特点。

In the stage of the Book of Songs has already entered the single marriage period , but the ancient reliques such as communal marriage and antithesis marriage even existed in a certain range . It appeared a characteristic of diverse marriage forms .

像澳大利亚所盛行的那种整个级别的结婚，无论如何，乃是群婚的一种十分低级的原始的形式；而普那路亚家庭，就我们所知道的而论，则是群婚的最高发展阶段。

Marriage between entire sections , as it prevails in australia , is in any case a very low and primitive form of group marriage , whereas the punaluan family , so far as we know , represents its highest stage of development .