浑仪

浑仪是中国古代的一种天文观测仪器。

The Armillary Sphere was an astronomic observatory instrument in ancient China .

人们使用浑仪在这个蛋黄上测量天体的位置。

People used the armillary sphere to examine the posi-tion of celestial bodies from the earth .

最初，浑仪的结构很简单，只有三个圆环和一根金属轴。

The armillary sphere 's structure was very simple at the very beginning ， with three rings and a metal axis .

以水为动力，集浑仪、浑象、报时装置于一体，是世界上最早的天文钟。

Using water power and having all the functions of the armillary sphere , it was the first astronomical clock in the world .

该仪器的结构和使用都比浑仪简单，而且除北极星附近以外，整个天空一览无余，故称简仪。

The apparatus is simpler than the armillay sphere in terms of structure and application ， and it gives a panorama of the celes-tial sphere except the part around Polaris ， so it is called Abridged Armilla .

明铸浑仪反映了宋至元代浑仪的研究成果，留有其流传沿革的痕迹，玑衡抚辰仪是清代所铸的最后一架大型简化浑仪，两仪相距时间跨度有300余年。

The armillary sphere made in the Ming Dynasty was the result of research by scholars of the song Dynasty , and the New Armillary sphere , with an interval of more than 300 years between the two instruments .

后来，古人为了便于观测太阳、行星和月球等天体，在浑仪内又添置了几个圆环，使浑仪成为多种用途的天文观测仪器。

Later , in order to facilitate the observation of more celestial bodies ， such as the sun ， the planets ， and the moon ， more rings were added inside the armillary sphere ， making it a multi-purpose astronomic instrument .

对我国宋代测时设备圭表、日晷、浑仪和守时设备漏壶，从它们的结构，读数装置、观测方法等分析其观测误差。

The structure , reading set and observing methods of the instruments for time measuring and keeping , such as gnomon , sundial , armillary sphere and clepsydra in Song dynasty , have been analysed and their observation errors have been obtained .

汉中期，杰出的天文学家张衡对浑仪作了大胆创新，设计并制作了漏水转浑天仪。张衡还制造出了世界上第一架测量天体位置的水运浑天仪，凡是已知的重要天文现象，都刻在这架仪器上。

In the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty , Zhang Heng ， an outstanding astronomer , made bold innovations to the armillary sphere ， and de-signed and made the first water-driven armillary sphere in the world to measure the position of celestial bodies ， which was carved with known important astronomical phenomena .