士绅

来自土地的收入是衡量是否士绅阶层的真正标准。

Landed income was the true measure of the gentry .

它败于波兰和立陶宛士绅。

She was beaten by the Polish and Lithuanian gentry .

在很多城市的中心，唐人街历来是一个独特的景观，似乎从不受士绅化（gentrification）和房地产价格不断上涨的影响。

Historically , Chinatowns have been a distinctive feature of many city centres , seemingly impervious to gentrification and constantly rising property prices .

士绅，也称乡绅，是明清时期出现的主要用语，它指居乡功名者和致仕官员。

Squire is a main terminology in Ming and Qing dynasties .

最后一个吸烟者也戒烟了，感觉像另一种士绅化。

The last smoker quitting seemed like another kind of gentrification .

作为地方精英的士绅在推广近代化的农业方面，取得了比较显著的成效。

The elites promoting modern agriculture has made notable achievements .

士绅与宗族制度论略

The Dissertation of the Gentlemen and Patriarchal Clan 's System

这突出表现在江南士绅的家族文化与治生策略方面。

It imprint in the family traditions and the strategies for existence .

士绅与宗族是一种密切的互动关系。

The Gentleman and Patriarchal Clan had a closed and mutual relation .

义和团运动与山东士绅

The Boxers Movement and the Gentry in Shandong Province

对卜正民晚明士绅社会研究的再研究

On the Timothy Brook 's Study of Gentry Society in Late Ming China

这些都为士绅们传播和推广近代化的农业创造了条件。

These create the conditions for disseminating and promoting modern agriculture for the elites .

现代国家意识在中国士绅阶层的萌芽与形成

The origin and Formation of the Consciousness of Modern State in Chinese Gentle Estate

江西士绅与晚清社会剧变

The Gentry of Jiangxi and the Radical Social Changes in the Late Qing Dynasty

文人是精英，而士绅属于社会经济阶层。

The scholars were an elite ; the gentry , a social and economic class .

士绅们的农业实践，推动了江苏传统农业向近代农业的转型。

Their agricultural practices promote the transformation of the traditional agriculture to modern agriculture in Jiangsu .

明清吉安府士绅的结构变迁与地方文化

The Gentry Structure Change of Ji'an Prefecture in Ming & Qing Dynasties and the Local Culture

地方自治制度的实行之所以导致劣绅的活跃和绅权的恶性膨胀，其根本原因在于中国社会结构的传统性和士绅势力的宗法性。

And the reasons for this are China 's tradition and patriarchal clan system of gentleman .

士绅可以是退任的官僚，或是官僚的亲属，甚至可以是受过教育的地主。

The gentry may be returned officials or the relatives of officials or simply educated landowners .

士绅、乡绅与地方精英&关于精英群体研究的回顾

Gentry , Country Gentleman and Local Elite & Review on the studies about the Elite level

具体而言，教化权力的获得是士绅推行教化的理论前提。

To be specific , the gain of enlightenment power is the academic precondition of enlightenment .

保障房倡导者们则担心，如果重新区划做得不认真，那么居民社区或将迅速士绅化。

Housing advocates worry that if rezoning is not done carefully , communities could quickly gentrify .

这所房子，在成为医院以前，曾是一些士绅们的聚会场所。

Before becoming a hospital , this house had been the ancient parliament house of the Bourgeois .

近代徽商取代了传统士绅，成为徽州社会的中坚力量。

The modern Huizhou merchants took the place of gentries as the backbones in the Huizhou society .

江西士绅阶层的不合作和抗拒行为是致使江西太平军败亡的重要原因。

Incorporation and resisting from gentry was the important reason of Taiping arm ' failure in Jiangxi .

太平天国时期，河南士绅阶层对地方事务的主导权进一步加大；

Firstly the gentry enlarged their leading role over the local affairs further during the Taiping Revolution .

社会动荡与地方士绅&以明末清初的山西阳城陈氏为例

Social Upheaval and the Local Gentry : The Chens of Yongcheng , Shanxi During the Ming-Qing Transition

从某种意义上说，花县建县的原动力是当地的士绅群体。

In some ways , the gentry group was the motive power behind the establishment of Hua County .

由此可见，明清士绅教化实则为一个错综复杂的系统。

Therefore , the enlightenment of the rural gentry in Ming and Qing dynasty is a complex system .

论明代云南士绅阶层的兴起与形成

A Preliminary Study of the Emergence and Formation of the Gentry Class in Yunnan in the Ming Dynasty