共同海损行为

共同海损行为直接后果所造成的损失

Loss or Damage in Direct Consequence of General Average Act

只有属于共同海损行为直接后果的损失或费用，才应作为共同海损。

Only such losses , damages or expenses which are the direct consequence of the general average act shall be allowed as general average .

因共同海损行为所牺牲而获共同海损补偿之财产，亦应参与分担。

The property sacrificed by general average act and therefore reimbursed by the contributions to the general average shall also participate in the contribution to the general average .

船底刷洗、油漆或涂层的费用不应列入共同海损，但如在共同海损行为发生之日以前十二月内曾经油漆或涂层，则油漆或涂层费用的半数应作为共同海损。

The costs of cleaning , painting or coating of bottom shall not be allowed in general average unless the bottom has been painted or coated within the twelve months preceding the date of the general average act in which case one half of such costs shall be allowed .

尽管共同海损的成立与理算，不考虑引起共同海损行为危险的来源和性质，但共同海损分摊的实现无疑会受到它们的影响，尤其是承运人的过失。

Notwithstanding the process of adjustment that begins without reference to the source and nature of the perils which necessitate a general average act , whether the contribution in general average comes true will undoubtedly be affected by these questions , especially that of the carrier negligence .