视神经管

本文报告应用CT扫描诊断的130例视神经管骨折病人的治疗经验。

The experience of dealing with 130 cases of optic canal fracture , diagnosed on the bases of CT scans , was reported .

结论：眼眶及视神经管骨性径线的CT测量的关键是确定扫描基线和测量平面，不能完全按照解剖学测点测量。

Conclusion : The CT measurement of orbital and the optic canal is reliable and accurate , but it accorded with anatomic measurement incompletely .

目的探讨视神经管的CT扫描方式及影像表现。

Objective To explore the CT scanning modalities and imaging findings of the optic canal .

材料与方法对19例外伤性视神经管骨折进行CT分型。

Materials and Methods CT typing was conducted in 19 cases with optical canal fractures .

外伤性视神经管骨折的高分辨率CT诊断

HRCT diagnosis of optical canal fractures

视神经管CT影像学测量和定位及其临床意义

The measurement , spatial stereotaxis and clinical significance of optical canal : Multi-slice spiral CT study

前鼻棘至视神经管隆突（68.9±6.5）mm。

The distance from anterior nasal spine to optic canal processus was ( 68.9 ± 6.5 mm ) .

方法（1）利用新一代16层螺旋CT，分别采取不同重建方法，进行视神经管的重建，比较其重建形态的一致性。

Methods ( 1 ) Different reconstructive method was applied , using 16 Slices CT , to compare its coherence with the reality .

视神经管骨折HRCT检查的临床意义

The clinical significance of HRCT in the fracture of optic canal

HRCT三维重建在视神经管骨折中的应用

Clinical Application of HRCT 3D-Reconstruction in the Fracture of Optic Canal

B组共12例为视神经管骨折，术前患者有不同程度的视力障碍，行视神经管减压。

The group B , 12 cases , was that with fracture of optic nerve canal and visual disfunction . The decompression of optic nerve canal was performed .

视神经管纵轴与蝶筛窦的毗邻关系在CT图像上分为三型，视神经管横轴对蝶筛窦的压迫关系分为四型，并统计出各型的分布情况。

The longitudinal relationships of optic canals to sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses were classified as three types , and their axial relationships were done as four types .

结果：视神经管的内侧壁最长，平均长度（11.61±1.58）mm；

Results : The medial wall of the optic canal was the longest , with a length of ( 11.61 ± 1.58 ) mm .

结论CT轴位+冠状位扫描，可清楚显示视神经管大小、形状及邻近结构，故在临床上有一定的应用价值。

Conclusion Axial plus coronary CT scanning can clearly reveal the size , shape and adjacent structures of the optic canal so that clinically it has certain applied value .

结果：视神经管内壁中部是视神经管管壁最薄之处，厚度为（0.48±0.36）mm；

Results : The middle part of the medial wall of bony canal is the thinnest , with a thickness of 0.48 ± 0.36 mm .

视神经管HRCT扫描基线的探讨

HRCT of optic canal base line scanning

目的：建立正常人眼眶及视神经管骨性径线CT测量的方法，探讨CT测量眼眶容积及其回归方程的临床意义。

Objective : To establish the measurement method of the normal orbital and optic canal by CT scanned , and to explore the clinical value of the orbital volume and its regressive equation .

目的：探讨HRCT多平面重建技术在视神经管骨折中的临床应用价值。

Purpose : To evaluate the clinical value of HRCT multiplane reconstruction ( MPR ) in the fracture of optic canal .

筛后孔离视神经管眶口较近，距离5～8mm的占78%。

The distance from the posterior ethmoidal foramen to the orbital opening of the optic canal is 5-8 mm in 78 % .

打开视神经管上壁及视神经硬膜鞘后，向内侧轻轻地牵拉可移动的视神经，在OCT的宽度方面能增加接近2倍。

OCT width could be increased doubly by opening the roof of the optic canal and incising dural sheath of optic nerve , with allowable retraction on the mobilized optic nerve medially .

结果：CT扫描发现视神经管骨折15例，视神经周围血肿3例，同侧蝶窦积血11例，同侧筛窦积血18例，视神经肿胀8例。

Result : CT scans demonstrated that 15 cases with fractures of optic canal , 3 cases with hematomas around the nervus opticuses , 11 cases with hematocele of ipsolateral sphenoidal sinus , 18 cases with hematocele of ipsolateral ethmoidal sinus and 8 cases with optic swelling .

观察了视神经管的走行特点，计算了视神经管横截面积。结果：中部是视神经管最狭窄的部位，横截面积为（18.74±3.95）mm2；

Results : The middle section was the narrowest section in the optic cannel , the cross section area was ( 18.74 ± 3.95 ) mm2 ;

方法随机选取30例成人尸头进行CT扫描，对前鼻棘至眶尖部各结构的距离、侧偏角、视神经管及眶上裂各径线长度、毗邻关系等进行断层影像解剖观测。

Methods A CT scanning was done for 30 adult cadaveric heads . The distance and angle of the lateral deviation from anterior nasal spine to the varial structures of the orbital apex , structures and the adjacent relationship of optic canal walls and the superior orbital fissure were measured .

视神经管眶口与鼻小柱和鼻翼交界处左侧的距离为77.90±1.65（74.8～81.0）mm，其右侧距离为77.65±1.77（74.2～80.8）mm；

The median distance between the joint of columella nasi and alae nasi and the eye socket meatus of optic canal is 77.90 1.65 ( range 74.8 ~ 81.0 ) mm mm on the left side and 77.65 1.77 ( range 74.2 ~ 80.8 ) mm on the right side ;

结论：在筛窦手术或视神经管减压术时，Dacryon与筛前孔、筛后孔及视神经管眶口距离，可为正确寻找和处理筛动脉及视神经管提供依据。

Conclusion : Dacryon is important to locate ethmoidal artery in the operation of ethmoidal sinus and optic canal decompression .

鼻棘点至视神经管颅口内侧中点的平均距离为69.3±4.9mm。

The average distance from nasal spine point to the midpoint of intracranial opening of the optic canal is 69.3 ± 4.9mm .

16例病人术中切除前床突，打开视神经管。14例病人术中暂时阻断ICA，孤立动脉瘤或采用血管内介入方法行动脉瘤内减压。

During the operation resection of the anterior clinoid process and opening of the optic canal have been applied in 16 cases , temporary artery occlusion and trapping of aneurysms or intra aneurysm decompression by invention technique permitting outstanding aneurysm deflation had been employed in 14 cases .

结果：眶上裂和眶下裂分别出现于CM基线上、下15mm和10mm范围内，视神经管影多见于CM基线上方7～12mmCT扫描层面。

Results : The superior and inferior orbital fissure could be observed at the range of + 15 mm and 10 mm with the CM baseline . The optic canal was at the range of + 7 to + 12 mm with the CM baseline .

经鼻腔筛蝶窦入路，用自制视神经管损伤器损伤管内段视神经，建立TON模型，检测图形视觉诱发电位（PR-VEP），观察动物瞳孔对光反应。

Pattern Visual Evoked Potential ( PR-VEP ) was examined before damage . Through the nasal cavity sieve and sphenoid sinus , optic nerve of the pipeline was damaged by the injury tool which was made by ourselves .

鼻内镜下视神经管减压术1例

A case report of decompression of optic nerve canal by nasoscope