彼得堡学派

鉴于彼得堡数学学派在概率论发展史上的重要地位，本文以概率论思想为主线，对其概率思想的发展进行了系统而全面的分析和研究。

In view of the important status of PMS in the development of probability , this article has carried on a more exhaustive analysis and research on its development of probability thought .

主要成果为：（1）以为什么数学为切入点，用比较研究和史料分析的方法揭示出彼得堡数学学派振兴概率论学科的主要因素。

The main achievements are as follows : ( 1 ) The primary factors why the probability theory of PMS arose are revealed by the methods of the comparative research and the historical data analysis .

在其概率思想指导下，彼得堡数学学派严格论证了大数定理理论、完善了古典中心极限定理的理论体系、创立了马尔可夫链模型、发展了数理统计理论、首次提出概率论的公理化体系等。

The theorem of large and the related theory were strictly proved by PMS , the theory system of the classical central limit theorem was consummated , the model and the theory of Markov chain were established , and the axioms of probability theory was proposed for the first time .