逆向物流成本

在对产品生命周期物流成本分析的基础上，引出逆向物流成本的概念与内容，并把逆向物流成本与正向物流成本作了比较，研究了逆向物流的成本组成，成本核算等内容。

Concept and contents of reverse logistics cost are put forward on the basis of analyzing the product life span to logistics cost .

医药品逆向物流的运输成本模型分析

Reverse Logistics Model for Pharmaceuticals Transport Costs

在指数平滑法预测模型基础上，本文科学构建了连锁超市逆向物流量库存成本模型。

The paper built the reverse logistics stock cost model for supermarket chains on the basis of exponential smoothing anticipation model .

最后通过废旧电脑逆向物流系统的成本与风险分析，对模型的求解过程作了详细说明。最后，总结全文，提出展望。

Calculating process of the model is detailed illustrated through the analysis of reverse logistics system cost and risks of the waste computers . Finally , the conclusion and research prospect are put forward .

除了追求社会效益外，企业更要考虑经济效益，这就涉及到合理运作模式的选择以及企业从事逆向物流服务时成本的界定和核算问题。

Besides pursuing social benefit enterprises should also take economic benefits into account . This comes down to enterprises how to choose a reasonable operation mode and how to fix and calculate reverse logistics cost .

这反过来可以降低逆向物流业务的的成本。

This in turn reduces the cost of reverse logistics operations .

对于备件修复供应链来说，建立一个合理的逆向物流网络对低成本高效率地进行修复活动有着非常重要的意义。

As to Spare-parts Recovery Chain , a reasonable reverse logistics network is very important to the recovery operation with low cost and high efficiency .

降低产品不必要的逆向流动以及降低逆向物流成本是企业重点关注的问题。

How to reduce the nonessential reverse flow or its cost is the key problem to an enterprise .

合理的逆向物流网络设计是企业降低逆向物流成本，提高竞争力，保持可持续发展的重要保证。

An optimal reverse logistics network design is a key for a company to reduce the costs of reverse logistics , improve its competition , and maintain a sustainable development .

但逆向物流又与正向物流有着明显的不同，主要表现在起始点和成本上，研究逆向物流成本核算十分复杂，并且其可控制性较弱。

But reverse logistics has distinguished difference with forward logistics , mainly on origination point and cost . It is complicated to study the cost of reverse logistics , whose controllability is weak .

传统的电子产品逆向物流运营模式，存在其制造商主体缺位、回收企业短期行为、逆向物流运营成本高等问题，其原因主要有电子产品逆向物流运营的外部性以及电子产品回收的技术性问题。

There are some problems in the model of negative material circulation operation of electronic products , and the reasons are the technical problems in electronic reclamation and externality of negative material circulation operation of electronic products .

构建了一个逆向物流的运作管理模型，该模型分为三层：第一层是战略目标层，包括降低逆向物流成本、提高服务水平、保持环境平衡；

An operation management model of reverse logistics was constructed , which could be divided into three levels . The first level is strategy objective level which contains reducing reverse logistics cost , hence increasing service level and keeping environment ′ s balance .