轻元素

轻元素EDXRF分析技术研究及应用

Research and Application of EDXRF Analysis Technique on Light Element

轻元素B、C和N原子之间可以通过共价键结合形成稳定的化合物，具有丰富多变的成分配比、结构和物理性质，近年来开辟了材料科学中的一个极为活跃的领域。

Study on the light element materials becomes a sparkling topic material research in recent years , because light element atoms can be covalently bounded to each other and form stable compounds , which have variable contents , structures , and physical properties .

氮化碳和轻元素B、C、N及其化合物组成的新一族材料巴成为凝聚态物理和材料科学领域中新的研究热点。

The new series of B-C-N materials consisting of B , C and N and their compounds is a new study field .

为了获得准确的定量结果，首先应精确地测定元素的X射线强度比，即K值。超轻元素K值的测定要求实验条件更为苛刻。

In order to obtain accurate quantitative result , the K values of light element should be deter-mined under strict experimental condition .

高能质子和He离子背散射分析可提高对重基体中C，N和O等轻元素分析的灵敏度。

Backscattering analysis with high energy protons and helium ions can improve the sensitivity for the analysis of light elements , such as C , N and O contained in matrixes .

利用Q3D磁谱仪系统，对C和H等轻元素的分析得到纳米级的深度分辨谱。

A nanometer depth resolution was achieved for light elements such as C and H with the Q3D spectrometer system .

年轻恒星中~9Be丰度的研究，和其它轻元素Li、B一起，可以作为恒星内部运作机制的探针，用于研究恒星的结构和演化。

Moreover , the study of beryllium abundances in young stars , together with lithium and boron , can provide a strong test for understanding stellar structure and discriminate between possible non-standard mixing processes in stellar interiors .

“对轻元素特别灵敏”的特点决定了GEXRF的应用领域将主要集中在化学元素微量和痕量分析以及半导体工业中Si薄膜表面轻元素检测等方面。

The special feature of " being more sensitivity to light elements " decides that the micro - and trace analysis of chemical elements and the determination of low-Z elements on silicon wafer in semiconductor industry are the most potential applications of the technology .

由于ICF靶材料主要由轻元素组成，考虑到β射线与有效原子序数差别不大的轻元素材料相互作用时，其强度衰减系数的差别必然是很小的。

Because the target materials of ICF are mostly made up with light elements , and the difference of coefficient for intensity attenuation is very little when measuring different light elements having close atomic number using beta-ray .

实验结果表明：RTS软件定量分析结果误差较小。但对C、N、O等轻元素定量分析，试样厚度小于1500以下时，结果才比较可靠。

It is found that the error of quantitative analysis is less for the RTS software , but only if the thickness of specimen is less than 1500A , the quantitative analysis result using RTS software is reliability for light elements such as C , N , O element .

本项研究成果为EDXRF分析技术在轻元素分析领域开展更广泛的研究与应用奠定了良好的基础，同时有利于能量色散X射线荧光仪应用领域的拓展。

This study provides a basis for further study and using of EDXRF technique in light element analysis field . Meanwhile , the research results had some degree of guiding significance to broad the application sphere of energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzer .

对薄膜样品中轻元素的电子探针能谱定量分析研究。

Quantitative analysis of light elements of thin films is implemented with EMPA .

完成了轻元素定量电子探针分析的修正程序。

The correction programs for light elements quantitative electron-probe microanalysis have been performed .

轻元素定量分析的新修正方法

New correction method for quantitative microanalysis of light elements

对于中子，轻元素通常不是一个突出的问题。

With neutrons , the light element is not usually at any marked disadvantage .

快堆中轻元素和中等质量元素弹性散射的精确处理

An Accurate Treatment of Elastic Scattering in Light and Medium Elements in Fast Reactors

氢是自然界中最轻元素。

Hydrogen is the lightest element in nature .

轻元素的β衰变。

β & decay of Light elements .

轻元素的平均电离能

The mean excitation energy of light elements

近年来，由非金属轻元素构成的材料在纳米尺度下表现出来的铁磁现象引起了人们的广泛关注。

The recent discoveries of ferromagnetism in nanostructure materials of nonmetallic light-element have attracted much attention .

方法简单、快速且灵敏度高，是鉴定硅材料中轻元素含量的一个好方法。

This method is simple , rapid and sensitive for estimating light element content in silicon material .

此仪器可用于气体分析以及轻元素的同位素丰度测定。

This instrument can be used for gas analysis and determine of isotopic abundance of light elements .

这时，重元素沉向中心，轻元素升至表面。

At this point , heavy elements sink towards the centre and light ones rise to the surface .

在工业生产流程中，对于轻元素测量的准确度、精确度以及测量速度都提出了很高的要求。

There are high demands to the accuracy , precision and speed of light elements measuring in industrial circulation .

进一步对传统分析困难的轻元素和中重金属元素的探讨，开发新的高级次谱线分析方法；

To overcome the weak points of light and middle-heavy elemental analytic , it has researched the newest high order spectrum analytic method .

测定锂，硼，碳，氮等轻元素的同位素丰度时适用的核反应及γ射线在第四节中逐项讨论。

Nuclear reactions and γ rays suitable for the determination of isotopic abundances of Li , B , C and N are enumerated .

这些较轻元素的含量让科学家推论出，核分裂反应必定进行了好几十万年。

The abundance of those lighter elements allowed scientists to deduce that fission reactions must have gone on for hundreds of thousands of years .

为开展硫等轻元素化学价态的分析研究与元素谱线互相重叠干扰复杂的试料分析提供了有利条件。

This improvement makes chemical state analysis for light elements , such as sulfur , and analysis of complex materials with serious spectra overlap interference more convenient .

射线衍射增强成像技术可以精确得到样品内部结构的折射角信息，对提高轻元素物质的成像衬度有着重要的意义。

Diffraction-enhanced X-ray imaging could extract accurately the refraction angles of the sample , which is very important to increase the image contrast of low Z samples .

塑料（聚合物）通常包含轻元素，因而密度较低，一般为绝缘体，并能在较低温度下弯折和成形。

Plastics ( or polymers ), which usually contain light elements , and therefore have relatively low density , are generally insulators , and are flexible and formable at relatively low temperatures .