气压梯度

在有地形时，气压梯度力项采用在P坐标系计算的方法，即回插法。

The pressure gradient force in a model with topography is calculated at the constant pressure surface , i. e. by using the so-called interpolation method .

地形坐标系数值模式中气压梯度力的计算

Evaluation of pressure gradient force in coordinate system following the terrains

构造气压梯度力差分格式的目的正是为了减小这种第二类误差，而不是其他误差。

It is the error that we construct special schemes to reduce .

数值模式中气压梯度力的算法试验

Experiments of computational methods of pressure gradient force in numerical models with topography

对数场面气压梯度的数值计算方法比较

Comparative experiments on methods for calculating logarithmic surface pressure gradient in spherical coordinates

中尺度非流体静力和流体静力气压梯度力理论。

Mesoscale nonhydrostatic and hydrostatic pressure gradient forces theory .

地形区两种典型气压梯度力计算方法的比较

A comparison of two typical schemes for pressure gradient force calculation in topographic area

温度初值确定之合理性与气压梯度力项的计算

The rationality of the initialization of temperature and the calculation of pressure gradient term

水平气压梯度力差分格式误差的定量分析

Quantitative Analysis of the Discretization Errors of the Horizontal Pressure Gradient Force over Sloping Terrain

云南中尺度数值预报模式中气压梯度力计算方法试验

A Study of Computational Methods of Pressure Gradient Force in Yunnan Mesoscale Numerical Weather Prediction Model

P-σ坐标系数值模式中气压梯度力的递推算法

The Recurrent Computational Methods of Pressure Gradient Force in the P - σ Coordinate Numerical Models

地形跟随坐标下的中尺度模式气压梯度力计算误差分析及其改进方案

The Errors of Pressure Gradient Force in High-Resolution Meso-Scale Model with Terrain-Following Coordinate and Its Revised Scheme

气压梯度与天气图上等压线的间隔大小成反比。

The atmosphere pressure gradient is an inverse measure of the spacing of the isobars on a weather map .

有地形数值模式中坐标变换和气压梯度力计算问题的讨论

On the problems in the coordinate transformation and the calculation of the pressure gradient force in the numerical models with topography

如果中子星太大，吸引力胜过气压梯度，塌陷便不能被阻止。

If the neutron star is too large , the gravitational forces overwhelm the pressure gradients and collapse cannot be halted .

冬春季节气压梯度的减小是风速减小、进而导致沙尘日数减小的关键间接因素。

Results also show that decrease of pressure gradient in winter and spring influences dust weather frequency by affecting wind speed indirectly .

预报东、西风型风速的首要因子分别是气压梯度和变压梯度。

The most important factor for eastern wind type is barometric gradient , but that for western wind type is allobaric gradient .

本文设计了一个用于中尺度研究的非静力平暂数值模式。在垂直运动方程中考虑非静力项后，为了减小由气压梯度力和重力计算浮力时的误差，模式引进了浮力方程。

A non-hydrostatic numerical model is constructed for mesoscale studies , buoyancy equation being introduced into the model to reduce computational error of buoyancy .

本文讨论数值试验中两个基本问题：温度初值确定和气压梯度力的计算。

In this paper , two basic problems in numerical experiment , the initialization of temperature and the calculation of pressure gradient term , are discussed .

本文则用气候模式对作者提出的有地形数值模式中气压梯度力的误差扣除法进行了模拟检验。

Modelling tests are made in this paper to check the error subtraction scheme of the pressure gradient force in models with topography developed by the authors .

在静力关系成立的条件下，推导出气压梯度力的递推算法，用以计算有地形P-σ坐标系模式中的气压梯度力。

Under the condition of static equilibrium , recurrent computational methods have been developed to calculate pressure gradient force in the P - σ coordinate model with topography .

在数值预报模式中使用这种方法可较好地求得陡坡地区的气压梯度力，改进模式的性能。

The method is also helpful for numerical weather prediction models in providing a better initial data set and improving the accuracy of calculation of pressure gradient force .

人们认为融解热的释放可以改变气压梯度，结果减小风暴中心附近的破坏性风力。

Release of the heat of fusion is believed to alter the pressure gradient in such a way as to diminish the destructive winds near the storm center .

但是，湿空气块的加速并不仅仅是湿绝热上升过程中浮力的作用，动量收支的计算表明，中尺度水平气压梯度力对气块动量的增加也有贡献。

But , the calculation of momentum budget shows that the increasing of momentum caused not only by the buoyancy force , but also by the horizontal pressure gradient force on meso-scale .

两垂直坐标下气压梯度力计算误差在低层两者相差不大，但是往高层高度坐标的气压梯度力误差要明显小于质量坐标。

PGF errors are a little difference between the two coordinates in lower levels , but PGF errors of the height coordinate are obviously smaller than those of the mass coordinate in higher levels .

扰动气压梯度力在云的中上部为负力，它抑制了云的生长发展；在云的下部为正力，它使云向上的加速度增大。

The perturbation pressure force is negative in the middle-upper parts of cloud , which suprces the growth of cloud , and is positive in the lower part which promotes the cloud upward acceleration .

结果表明，这3种方法在单独用于气压梯度的计算时，计算值都有较大误差，在地形陡峭区，相对误差可以达到20%以上。

Results show that all of the three methods are not precise enough when they are directly used in computation . In areas with steep slopes the relative errors of the three formulas can reach 20 % or above .

通过分析发现地形坐标系中气压梯度力差分格式的计算误差应分为二类，其中，第二类误差在水平坐标面倾斜时出现。

The analysis has demonstrated that the discretization errors of the horizontal pressure gradient force in terrain-following coordinate models should be divided into two kinds , one of which , the second kind Error-II , appears while the horizontal coordinate surface is inclined .

蒙古气旋型主要的动量下传出现在300-700hPa间，天气系统发展、低层气压梯度增大等是地面和对流层低层风速增大的主要原因。

For the Mongolia cyclone sandstorm , the main momentum-downlink happened between 300 and 700hPa ; the development of the weather system and the increasing gradient in low layer accounted majorly for the increment of wind speed at the low layer of troposphere and above ground .

进一步的合成分析显示，海冰异常使得大气环流调整，气压梯度、天气尺度涡动热量的经向通量和垂直通量、局地斜压性均发生改变，从而对风暴轴的强度及中心的位移造成影响。

Furthermore , composite analysis indicates that winter sea-ice anomaly is closely associated with the general circulation which gives rise to the change of pressure gradient , meridional and vertical eddy heat flux and baroclinicity , accordingly , influence on the storm track vigor and the center migration .