摹状词

摹状词理论与历史因果理论是专名意义问题上的两种对立的理论。

The theory of description and the theory of historical causality are opposite to each other on the problem of the meaning of proper names .

试论罗素摹状词理论及其对语言哲学的影响

The Theory of Russell 's Description and Its Influence on Linguistic Philosophy

儒家文明是一个世界地缘政治的摹状词。

The Confucian Civilization is a geopolitical phrase in the world .

限定摹状词构建读者的共同背景。

Definite descriptions are used to create the common ground of readers .

“赤”当是一个标志伤寒发热貌的摹状词。

Chi is a descriptive word describing the appearance of exogenous febrile fever .

但是，罗素的摹状词理论的思考方向是值得肯定的，对其进行研究具有重大的意义。

But the thinking direction should be affirmed .

摹状词理论实际上是通过改写句子的主词这样的逻辑分析手段来实现的。

The theory of descriptions is actually achieved by logic analysis about the proposition subject .

从摹状词理论看逻辑与语言哲学

A Discussion of the Tie between the Modern Logic Development and Language Philosophy from the Description Theory

罗素的摹状词理论自提出以来，一直具有广泛而深刻的影响。

The Theory of Description has had extensive and profound influence since it was first proposed by Russell .

穆勒把表达概念的的个体词区分为专名和摹状词，并对二者的内涵和指称做了分析。

Mill classified the expression concept word into proper name and description . He analysed their meaning and referring .

在名称问题上，名称的摹状词理论与因果历史理论之间的争议由来已久。

There has been a dispute between descriptivist theories of name and causal-History Theory of Name for a long time .

在考察了指称的摹状词理论、历史因果理论之后，论述了意向性理论对指称问题的解决及其不足之处；

Having remarked the descriptive theory of reference and causal theory of reference , it discusses intentionality theory of reference .

传统逻辑中专名和限定摹状词都是单独概念，在谓词逻辑中则被称为个体词。

Proper names and definite descriptions are singular conceptions in traditional logic , while they are named as singular terms in predicate logic .

借助于摹状词逻辑、道义逻辑、量词逻辑、模态逻辑等现代语言逻辑的有关规律、规则、方法，人们可以在一定程度上消除对法典的歧解。

By aid of related laws , rules and methods in modern language logic , people can avoid some ambiguities in interpreting code .

在专名问题上，摹状词理论和历史的因果命名理论是相互补充的。

On the problem of the proper name , the descriptive theory and the historical causal naming theory are intersupplementary with each other .

摹状词理论强调的是一阶逻辑语言的句法，日常语言的句法是它批判的对象。

What the theory of descriptions emphasized is the syntax of first-order logical language , and what it criticized is the syntax of ordinary language .

第二部分：详细分析了两种主要的关于名称的指称理论：以罗素为代表的摹状词理论和以克里普克的历史因果的指称理论。

The second part analyzes two important reference theory concerning name : Description Theory represented by Russell and Historical Casual Theory of Reference represented by Kripke .

有关摹状词的研究不仅属于语言学研究的范畴，也是现代西方语言哲学的一个重要研究课题。

Researches on the descriptions belong to not only the scope of linguistic research , but also an important research topic in western philosophy of language .

但在“弗雷格和罗素都是语言哲学家，并且是极具影响的语言哲学家”这点上是没有分歧的，在“摹状词理论是语言哲学的重要组成部分”这点上也是没有争议的。

But all agree that Frege and Russell are very important philosophers in this field and the theory of description is an essential part of philosophy of language .

“帕格索斯”也可进行类似的处理，如果我们将它视为“柏勒洛丰捕获的那匹有翼的马”这个摹状词的缩写的话。以上处理也适用于所有的专名。

' Pegasus'can be handled similarly if we read it as short for a description : 'the winged horse captured by Bellerophon ' . So for all proper names .

名称的摹状词理论坚持认为名称既有含义又有指称，而因果历史理论则坚持认为专名和自然种类名称只有指称没有含义；

Descriptivist Theory of Name holds that names have both sense and referent , whereas Causal-Historical Theory of Name holds that proper names and natural material names have only referent ;

克里普克为了批判弗雷格和罗素的名称摹状词理论提出了三类论证，即模态论证、认识论的论证和语义的论证。

For the sake of criticizing Frege and Russell 's theory of description of names , Kripke gave three kinds of demonstration , namely model arguments , epistemological arguments and semantic arguments .

一些人认为，唐纳兰关于限定摹状词的两种用法，即归属性用法和指称性用法的观点在一定程度上能够避免克里普克的语义的论证和模态论证。

Some people claim that , to some extent , Kripke 's semantic arguments and model arguments can be avoided based on Donnellan 's viewpoints on the referential and attributive use of definite descriptions .

罗素作为其中最重要的人物之一，在哲学史上第一次全面系统地对限定摹状词进行了探讨，提出了完整的摹状词理论。

Russell , as one of the most important figures of them , studied on the definite descriptions comprehensively and systematically , and put forward a completely Descriptions Theory for the first time in the history of philosophy .

本文围绕摹状喻词和比况助词的选择、复句形式的内部结构和外部功能等几个方面，对由复句形式构成比况结构这一现象进行探讨。

The paper conducts a research on this phenomenon in terms of the choice of imitating and comparative words , the internal structure and the external function of the complex sentences .