技术创新成本

基于系统动力学的技术创新成本管理系统

Technological innovation cost management system based on the system dynamics

本文从技术创新成本的角度，建立了国内企业与国外企业技术创新竞争的静态博弈模型，根据模型，当国外企业以规模扩张为竞争目标时，我国企业只能选择渐进式的技术创新战略。

On the view of technology cost , a static game model is founded for domestic enterprises competing with foreign enterprises on technology innovation . While foreign enterprises pursuing market share , domestic enterprises have to make technology innovation to be alive .

政府管理创新成本宏观上可分为政府管理观念创新成本、制度创新成本、技术创新成本，具体包括：保障成本、认同成本、能力成本、规范成本、防护成本五个部分。

From the macroscopic angle , the innovation cost includes the cost of the concept innovation , institution innovation and the technology innovation . From the microcosmic angle , it includes the ensuring cost , approval cost , ability cost , standard cost and the protection cost .

动画片制作的技术创新与成本控制

The Technical Innovation and Cost Control of Cartoon Production

不存在许可时，如果技术创新使成本减少得很少，企业将进行合作创新。

If there is no permission and the cost reduction is also small , the enterprise will choose cooperative innovation .

而技术创新的成本收益情况的变化，反过来对制度安排进行诱导，要求制度进行新的安排和变迁。

And then the change of cost and benefits of technique innovation could induce the system arrangement , which demand the system to be arranged and changed again .

整车厂为了抢占更多的市场份额，纷纷对其相应的汽车供应链上的零部件企业提出了艰巨的任务，要求他们进行技术创新、成本节约和提高服务质量。

In order to get more market shares , all car makers have requested all component suppliers in supply chain to implement technology innovation , cost reduction and service improvement .

把技术创新与成本的动态下降和消费者效用的动态上升联系起来，在网络外部性和规模经济性动态变化的基础上研究了市场集中模式和份额的演化。

Replicator dynamics and computer simulation techniques are used to construct a reduced form model which explores the evolution of market share by combining network externalities and economies of scale .

企业获得超额利润有两种途径：一个是通过技术创新降低成本或者提高产品的垄断性，一个是通过潜规则屏蔽其他竞争对手其高自身的垄断性。

There are two ways for company to reap excessive profits , One is through technological innovation to reduce costs or improve product monopoly , another is through the hidden rules adopted to shield its competitors to higher their monopoly .

证明了在非对称信息下企业技术创新的成本是代理人的最优努力水平的函数，通过代理人的努力可以减少企业技术创新的投资，并且可以缩短技术创新的周期。

Considering the existence of asymmetric information , it is analyzed and proved that the cost of enterprise technology innovation is the optimal effort level function of deputy , the effort of deputy can reduce the investment and the cycle of enterprise technology innovation .

以技术创新促进炼铁成本指标领先

Securing Total Cost Leadership in Iron-making by Technological Innovations

但是技术创新的高成本和高风险制约着企业的发展。

But the high-cost and high-risk of technological innovation restrict the development of corporations .

本文将技术创新、交易成本和人力资本引入经济增长模型，求出最优人力资本投入，并结合交易成本分析电子商务对经济增长和人力资本的影响。

We develope an economic growth model with technical innovation , transaction cost and human capital .

市场的开拓，技术的创新，成本的构成以及开发工具的使用，无一不受次微米时代的影响。

Market dynamics , technology innovation , cost models , and tools , have all been affected by the deep submicron era .

企业间合作创新的目的就是通过共享现有技术知识降低创新成本、提高创新效率。

The purpose of industrial cooperative innovation is to reduce the innovation cost and improve the efficiency through sharing knowledge and technology resource .

中小企业实施虚拟组织运作可以带来市场效应、规模经济效应、技术创新效应、成本风险效应和学习效应。

If the Small and Medium Sized Enterprises operates by dint of the Virtual Organization , it would bring about the emulation effect , scale-economy , technical innovation , and cost-venture effect .

在技术创新、降低成本、组建大型磷复肥企业集团、提升效益、创品牌方面所取得的成绩。

Meanwhile some achievements are also summed up , including such aspects as technological innovation , lowering cost , regrouping enterprises for largescale group , increasing economic benefit and making famous brand of product .

所以，必须进行制度创新以减少风险和降低技术创新的交易成本。

So we have to reduce the risk and the transaction costs by the innovation of institution . Finally we also draw the conclusion that the realization of technological innovation must base on institutional innovation .

绿色技术创新可以通过成本的降低、市场份额的提高、生产规模的扩大以及技术转让收益使企业走出持续发展与环境保护的两难困境。

Green technological innovation can be achieved through reducing product 's cost , promoting market quotient , increasing production scale , and transforming tech benefits , thus the dilemma of sustainable development and environmental protection can be tided off .

制度保障可以降低技术创新活动的交易成本、创造合作条件、提供激励机制。

Guarantee system can reduce the trade cost of technological innovation , create the conditions of cooperation and provide encouraging institution .

与常规合成方法相比，具有原料和技术的创新，原料成本很低，预计经济效益和社会效益很显著。

Compared with traditional synthetic method , this way has more merits , such raw material technical innovation , low cost , good economic returns and social returns .

本文通过技术性贸易壁垒环境下技术创新成本与收益的分析，认为跨越技术性贸易壁垒成为企业进行技术创新的一种新的激励。

This article holds the view that to overcome TBT becomes a kind of new inspiration in technological innovation .

其次，技术问题产生成本问题，技术创新本身及其成本的特点决定了作业成本法适用于技术创新成本的计算和管理。

Cost of technical problems arise , The cost of technological innovation itself and its characteristics determine the activity-based costing applied to the calculation of the cost of technological innovation and management .

全面衡量技术创新对企业的潜在影响，对技术创新成本与效益、动态项目评价方法以及技术创新动态项目评价的分析，是正确评价技术创新投资方案的必要前提。

Fully evaluate technology innovation 's latent influence to enterprise has the decisiveness function on aspect of its cost and the benefit , its dynamic item appraisal and the analysis method . This system is the prerequisite to correct appraise the technology innovation investment plan .

对于某项技术创新，企业的理性投资条件应是技术创新带来的可变成本的降低量不低于用于该项技术创新的投资量。

For a technical innovation , the rational investment condition is that the decreasing amount of variable cost is not less than the amount of investment .

知识和技术是高科技产业集群企业的核心竞争优势，由于知识溢出效应的存在，创新者在开展技术创新降低成本的同时，也带来了同类企业的模仿。

Knowledge and technology is kernel competitive advantage of high-tech industrial cluster enterprises . As the knowledge spillover effect existing in high-tech industrial clusters , innovators reduce its cost through technical innovation , then , similar enterprises imitate the innovators .