国际借贷

但自1999年以来，俄罗斯银行和企业的国际借贷也增长了4600亿美元。

Yet from 1999 Russian banks and companies increased their international borrowing by $ 460bn .

在国际借贷中，贷款人为了确保其安全收回本息，通常要设定担保。

In international loans , lenders usually ask for securities in order to protect their debts .

虽然在国内借贷中，消极担保的作用并不凸显，但必须认识到在国际借贷中消极担保作为一项必不可少的保护性条款得到广泛应用，并成为国际借贷合同的四大共同条款之一。

However , as an important protective measure , negative pledge is widely used in international loans .

这催生了大量的国际借贷行为，使得西班牙和爱尔兰的房地产泡沫吹得惊天的大。

That spurred a great deal of cross-border borrowing that fed prodigious construction booms in Spain and Ireland .

世界银行及其他国际借贷机构曾是水坝项目最重要的资助者，但它们从20世纪90年代以来减少了投资。

The World Bank and other international lenders were the most important financiers of large dams before the ' 90s lull .

狭义上的国际借贷指国际贷款，即处于不同国家的债权人和债务人之间的货币借贷活动。

Narrowly speaking , international loans only refer to money borrowing and lending between debit and credit sides from different countries .

本文所称的国际借贷，取其狭义，并将之限制在国际商业银行贷款这一更小的范围，即国际商业银行作为贷款人以贷款协议的方式向借款人提供的商业贷款。

In this paper , international loans are confined to international commercial banks loans , in which international commercial banks sign loan contract with foreign enterprises to provide commercial loans .

这五个国家解除了对金融系统的管制，增加了银行的数目，放松了国际借贷，但同时却缺乏对金融机构恰当的管理和监督。

While the five countries had deregulated their financial systems , increasing the number of banks and the ease of foreign borrowing , there was inadequate regulation and supervision of financial institutions .

据BBC新闻的乔·莱纳姆报道，这项举措使爱尔兰重新掌控自己的经济，并获准在国际市场借贷。

The BBC 's Joe Lynam reports the move restores Ireland 's control over its economy and allows it to borrow on international markets .

另一种观点认为，所谓失衡，是国际间借贷行为的自然产物。

The alternative view is that so-called imbalances are the natural outcome of international borrowing and lending .

这个体系有一个固有的缺陷：对国际短期借贷没有任何的约束限制，同时也没有任何国际“最后贷款人”机制来确保借款能够获得偿还。

There 's an intrinsic flaw in the system . There 's no constraint at all on short-term lending , international lending , but there 's no international lender of the last resort facility which can assure this debt can be redeemed .

这使得越南在国际资本市场借贷成本增高。

That has made it more expensive for Vietnam to borrow money in the international capital markets .

例如，德国就一直不愿意在修缮路桥方面增加开支，尽管政府预算存在盈余，而且还能以接近零利率的水平从国际金融市场借贷。

Germany , for example , has been reluctant to spend more fixing roads and bridges , even though the government has a budget surplus and can borrow money on international financial markets at interest rates close to zero .

在供给方面，农村金融市场供给主要集中在有政府财政资金供给，农业的自我积累资金，金融机构资金供给，社会关系及高利贷以及国际融资和企业借贷等途径。

On the supply side , the supply of rural financial markets have mainly focused on the supply of government funds , agriculture self ‐ accumulation of capital , financial institutions , capital supply , social relations and usury as well as international financing and corporate lending and other channels .

国际金融市场指国际间有关借贷一切货币的交易业务与活动。

International Finance Market includes all the international business and economic activities which are related to the monetary transaction .