上位法

下位法违反上位法规定的；

A lower level law contravenes a higher level law ;

上位法优于下位法适用规则刍议

On Application Rule of Higher-level Law Preferred than Lower-level Law

行政法律规范的冲突是一个无法回避且普遍存在的现象，其主要有两种形式：下位法与上位法的冲突；

The conflict of administrative legal norms is an unavoidable and generally existing phenomenon .

违反上位法问题突出；

Serious violation of the up-position law ;

第一：适用上位法优于下位法的规则。

The first : " the law is superior to the lower level law rules " .

良法治校与大学生合法权利保障&高校校规之上位法违宪检讨

Schools ruled by good law and protecting undergraduates ' legal rights & constitutional review of law above school regulations

是否与上位法相抵触是其他规范性文件合法性审查之重要标准。

Whether they are conflicting with a higher rank law is the important standard of validity of other normative documents .

突破上位法时的抵触标准&以其他规范性文件为研究基点

The Contradiction Standards when Breaking through Higher Rank Laws & Taking " Other Normative Document " as a Research Basic Point

本文认为《条例》与上位法之间存在矛盾，其法律效力问题值得商榷；

The thesis thinks that there exist contradictions between the Regulations and upper laws , and its legal validity is doubted ;

该类型立法，既是上位法的延续，又是我省地方性法规的主流。

It is both the extension of the superordinate laws and the mainstream of the local laws and regulations of our province .

上位法优于下位法属于效力优先，不存在例外。

The rule that higher norms are superior to lower ones belongs to priority of validity , and there is no exception .

合同与其他正式法源的关系可以理解为上位法与下位法之间的关系。

The relationship between contract and other formal source of law can be understood as the relationship between higher law and lower law .

第四部分通过类型化分析的方法探讨了规章在根据上位法制定的过程中对不同的事项所应遵循的具体标准。

The fourth part discuss the specific standard to different matters in the enaction of the administrative rules according to the high-level law .

在第二部分里，作者通过分析园林法规在建设法律体系中的地位、作用，明确了园林法规的上位法。

In the second part , the author discusses the uses and positions of landscape laws as a sub-system in the construction law system .

第三部分主要讨论的是行政规章在制定时所依据的上位法的先后顺序。

The third part is mainly about the discussion of the order we should follow when the administrative rules are enacting according to the high-level law .

产生于特殊历史时期，由基本法作出原则规定，没有上位法的协调是其重要特征。

It came into beings in a particular history period , was stipulated in principle by basic law when there was no upper law for regulation .

上位法优于下位法，强调的是下位法与上位法相抵触时，司法机关应优先适用上位法。

The principle of higher-level law preferred than lower-level law stresses that when lower-level law conflicts with higher-level law , judicial offices should give priority to the higher-level law .

宪法和立法法中只规定了规章的制定要根据上位法，但是对于如何根据却没有一个明确的标准。

The Constitution and the Legislative law just stipulate that the enaction of administrative rules should be in accordance with the high-level law , but there is nothing about how to follow .

国务院有关破产的两通知突破了法律效力的位阶，与多个上位法相冲突，有悖于破产制度中的公平受偿原则。

Two circulars of our state council about bankruptcy penetrate the precedency of legal effect , come into conflict with several upper laws , and violate the fair compensable principle of bankrupt system .

在社会主义建设日趋法制化的今天，制度建设必须遵守相关法律的规定，都必须有其上位法作为其逻辑依据和法律依据。

Nowadays , socialist construction is getting more and more legalized , system construction must comply with the stipulation of the relevant law and follow the law as its logic and legal basis .

法官在沿循常态路径下发现一个合同之后，还要判断它是否与上位法规范是否存在冲突，或者说看合同在法源体系中是否存在非常态状况。

After the judge found a contract through the normal approaches , he must determine whether a conflict between the contract and the higher law or abnormal status exists in the source of law system .

行政规定制定权的合法来源，是基于上位法的授权或固有职权；在制定权限行使过程中，应遵从法律优先和法律保留原则。

The legal source of stipulating administrative provisions belongs to super ordination law warrant or inherence . In working out extent of authority , The principle of law superiority and reservation of law should be followed .

笔者认为，在实践中仍然存在地方经济立法与中央经济立法相冲突的情况，主要表现为地方经济立法的越权和地方经济立法的具体规定与上位法冲突。

The author believes that in practice there are still areas of economic legislation and the Central Economic Council conflict , mainly for local economic legislation ultra vires and local economic legislation with the specific provisions of epistatic conflict .

最后，从立法原则、在宪法中明确立法依据、制定上位法、完善相关配套制度等角度提出了如何完善公共租赁住房法律制度。

Finally , the principle of legislation , a clear legislative basis in the Constitution , to develop higher-level laws , improve the supporting systems such as the angle of how to improve the legal system of public rental housing .

无论是上位法优于下位法，特别法优于一般法，还是新法优于旧法，在股权继承问题上，公司法应优先于继承法适用。

Regardless the upper-law is better than the below-law , the particular law is better than the general law or the new law is better than the old law , the company law should be given priority to the inheritance law .

一是地票制度前期探索中缺乏一些上位法的依据；二是价格形成机制的理论依据有待探索；三是收益机制仍需进一步完善。

A preliminary exploration of the land ticket system is lack of some of the upper law basis ; two is that the price formation mechanism theories need to be explored ; three is that the accrual mechanism still needs further improvement .

上位法、下位法是根据位阶的不同对法律规范所作的区分。上位法优于下位法，强调的是下位法与上位法相抵触时，司法机关应优先适用上位法。

The criterion for differentiating higher-level law and lower-level law is different grade of laws . The principle of higher-level law preferred than lower-level law stresses that when lower-level law conflicts with higher-level law , judicial offices should give priority to the higher-level law .

对于职权立法，地方政府要按照宪法和组织法所赋予的管理职权对当地的具体的情况进行立法，在有关法律上的权利义务方面还是要遵循上位法的规定，不得违反。

In the authority administrative legislation , the local government should enact to the local specific situation in accordance with the authority endowed by the Constitution , but the legal rights and obligations in the matters still should be according to the high-level law .

本文分为四大部分，第一部分主要是通过城市生活垃圾方面的规章和一些案例的分析，找到实践中规章混乱、违反上位法的具体表现，以及给司法和执法实践造成的困扰。

In the first part , through analysis the administrative rules in aspect of municipal solid waste and some cases , I find some concrete representations of the confusion in administrative rules , as well as the puzzle in the judicial and administrative law enforcement practice .

但是，由于上位法的缺失，立法目的和手段的缺陷，《食品召回管理规定》在法律地位和规范手段上存在诸多问题，食品召回制度在建立初期就出现难以实施的情况。

However , due to the lack of higher-level laws , legislative ends and means of the defects , Food Recall Regulations have many problems in the means of the legal status and norms , food recall system appeared early in the establishment of the situation difficult to implement .