意大利共和国

经过粉碎墨索里尼和战争结束后，意大利已经做好准备，改变，并在1948年意大利共和国。

After the downfall of Mussolini and the end of the war , Italy was ready for a change , and in1948 the Republic of Italy was established .

然后，从中世纪意大利城市共和国的政治实践和公民人文主义的兴起说明古典共和主义经过这一中介进入近代，成为西方近代国家建设的重要思想资源。

Secondly , through mediaeval Italian city-state republics and renaissance civic humanism , republicanism became the important intellectual resource of modern political thoughts .

去年，有两个孩子的妈妈妮可告诉意大利报纸《共和国报》她绝不会做整容手术。

Last year , the mum-of-two told Italian newspaper La Repubblica she would never have surgery .

资本主义是否始自15世纪意大利的诸共和国？在欧洲一些地区，工业革命到19世纪开始后很久才真正开始，资本主义在那里是不是迟迟没有出现？

Did capitalism start in the republics of 15th century Italy ; or had it not yet begun in many parts of Europe where the Industrial Revolution did not really take hold until well into the 19th century ?