降落漏斗

各县市（区）重点城镇由于集中开采，且开采量较大，已形成一定规模的降落漏斗。

Regional cone of depression has come into being due to centralized exploitation and overexploitation in the important towns of each county / district .

地下水经过多年的开采，已形成东西两大地下水降落漏斗。

After years of exploitation of groundwater has been formed in two groundwater cone of depression .

沧州市水资源短缺，深层地下水严重超采，已形成大面积区域地下水位降落漏斗，地面沉降已达2m，生态环境严重恶化。

The Cangzhou city is short of water resources , the deep groundwater has been overdrawn seriously , it has caused the regional cone depression of deep groundwater in large area , the land subsidence has reached 2 m , the eco-environment has deteriorated seriously .

地下水资源开发模式和降落漏斗问题

UNDERGROUND The Exploitation Patterns of Groundwater and Exhaustion Cone Problem

衡水市深层地下水降落漏斗及发展趋势分析

Cone of Groundwater Depression and Its Development Tendency at Hengshui

德州深层地下水位降落漏斗演变机制与可调控性研究

Form Princple and Controlling-adjusting Research about Deep Groundwater Depression Cone in Dezhou

河北省地下水降落漏斗修复

The restoring of groundwater descend funnel of Hebei province

基于数字水位模型的地下水降落漏斗提取

A method for extraction of depression cone based on digital groundwater level models

沧州地下水降落漏斗现状及发展趋势分析

Analysis on Present Situation and Development Trend of Groundwater Descent Funnel in Cangzhou City

研究提出了不使降落漏斗进一步扩展的地下水开采方案。

The exploitation project was proposed that the drawdown cone would not further expand .

地下水降落漏斗的形成与控制

Cause and Control of the Groundwater Depression

华北平原地下水降落漏斗演变及主导因素分析

Analysis on Evolution of Groundwater Depression Cones and Its Leading Factors in North China Plain

地下水已遭受污染，地下水开采降落漏斗区地下水位的持续下降是市区地下水遭受污染的主要诱发因素。

The groundwater depression cone of urban district is the main induction factor of groundwater contamination .

大庆市地下水位降落漏斗区水资源人工调蓄关键技术研究

Study on the Key Technologies of Water Resouces Regulation by Groundwater Depression Cone in Daqing City

基坑排水形成地下水降落漏斗，诱发岩溶地面塌陷；

Drainage of the foundation pit formed the landing funnel of underground water which induce rocky surface collapse ;

利用降落漏斗区腾空的地下储水空间进行水资源的人工调蓄可使地下水位得到恢复。

Groundwater level can be recovered by artificial regulation of water resource in the empty underground space of the depression cone .

本文主要分析了地下水水位变化引起的降落漏斗及地面沉降、水质恶化等环境地质问题。

This paper mainly analyses environmental geological problems such as descend funnel land subsidence . water quality deterioration produced by groundwater level change .

地下水严重超采，造成多处地表塌陷和降落漏斗，并成为济南市地下水的重污染区。

Exploitation of groundwater was overloaded seriously , and caused earth surface collapse , cone of depression , and groundwater was seriously polluted .

沧州地区由于地下淡水严重超采，地下水位大幅度下降，形成区域性降落漏斗。

Owing to the severe over-eatraction of the underground fresh water , the groundwater table lowers greatly , forming a regional drawdown funnel .

渗压效应致塌机制是多年持续采水区降落漏斗中心部位岩溶塌陷的主要力学机制。

And the seepage pressure mechanism is the primary mechanism of karst collapse in the center of cone of depression in continual pumping region .

对比1956～2000年太原市地下水位与地面沉降资料发现，该区地面沉降漏斗与地下水位降落漏斗的空间分布基本相近，但不完全吻合，局部地区存在偏移。

The monitoring data in the period of1956-2000 show that the land subsidence spatially coincides with the groundwater depression on the whole , but deviates locally .

正确认识与掌握地下水降落漏斗的特点和变化规律，有助于人们合理开发地下水资源，避免不良环境地质问题的发生。

The correct understanding to the characteristics and changes of depressions will be helpful to the exploration for groundwater resource and avoidance of geo environmental problems .

农业节水、污水资源化和科学调蓄利用汛期雨洪资源是降落漏斗修复的主要途径。

Saving water in agriculture , turning waste into resources and utilizing the resources of great precipitation and floodwater in flood season are the primary ways .

部分地区由于集中超量开采，出现了大面积的降落漏斗，并且面积在逐年扩大。

Some area appear to large area of descend funnel , and the area is expanded year by year , because of the centralized and excessive exploitation .

对地下水资源的长期大量集中开采形成了区域性地下水位降落漏斗，地下水的超采引发了一系列环境地质问题。

Large quantity of continuously groundwater pumping in an area forms regional groundwater depression cone , and overexploitation leads to a series of environmental and geological problems .

本文取得如下主要结论：1、由于开采井布局不合理，局部地区地下水长期处于超采状态，区域性降落漏斗不断扩大。

The main conclusions are as followings : 1 . There is long-term Overexploitation of groundwater in some areas , due to the unreasonable Layout of the mining well .

根据地下水降深、降落漏斗影响半径、岩土工程地质性质，计算降水引发的地表沉降值、水平移动、倾斜、曲率现状值。

We calculated the surface subsidence , horizontal displacement , incline , and current curvature using the groundwater drawdown , conical depression influence radius of water cone and ground property .

由于对地下水的大量开采，已呈现出市区地下水水质恶化和开采水位降落漏斗扩展的趋势。

Because of the large number of groundwater extraction , a deterioration of groundwater quality in urban areas and the expansion trend of the exploitation depression cone have already come about .

利用所建模型预报了现状开采量和不同设计开采量条件下地下水降落漏斗扩展及地下水水位的变化。

It predicted the expansion of groundwater drop funnel and the change of underground water level under the conditions of exploitation situation and different designed exploiting volume by the model built .

除此，潜水降落漏斗的范围以及潜水储存量的类型也在此加以介绍。

Yet , the flow may not be absolutely steady . Besides this , the range of water table depression cone and the types of storage capacity of phreatic water are introduced too .