越王勾践

后越王勾践卧薪尝胆，任用文种和范蠡重振国政。

The King of Yue , Gou Jian submitted and sued for peace .

越王勾践卧薪尝胆，于是有了“苦心人，天不负”这样的豪言壮语。

Yue hardships , they have " good people who live day " such words .

相传春秋时期，范蠡帮助越王勾践打败了吴国。

Fan Li was an illustrious general of the State of Yue during the Spring and Autumn Period .

三年以后，他对越国发动了战争，抓住了越王勾践，

Three years later , he led his army against the State of Yue and caught its king Gou Jian .

另一说是指齐桓公、晋文公、楚庄王、吴王阖闾和越王勾践。最早称霸的是齐桓公（公元前685~公元前643在位）。

Duke Huan of Qi ( in the throne from 685 B.C. - 643 B.C. ) was the first over-lord .

如果能打败晋国，就等于在诸候国中当定了霸主，再回去收拾越王勾践也不算晚。

After considering over and over again , they decided to try to defeat the Jin army by a surprise move .

并指出越王勾践的为人，只可与他共患难，不宜与他同安乐。

And it still pointed out that the King of Yue , Gou Jian could share distress with others but not happiness .

越王勾践率兵迎战，越大夫灵姑浮一戈击中阖闾，阖闾因伤逝世。

King Gou-jian of Yue led the army to fight back and King Helu suffered an injury which led to his death .

被吴国打败之后，越王勾践卧薪尝胆，潜心发展农业，训练军队。

Firstly defeated by the kingdom of Wu , Goujian , the king of Yue , applied himself to the development of agriculture and training his army .

春秋时代，越国备吴国打败了。越王勾践和他的妻子都被带到吴国做苦工。

In the Spring and Autumn Period , the state of Wu defeated the state of Yue , and took the king of Yue , Gou Jian , and his wife prisoner .

越王勾践，公元前496年至公元前465年在位。勾践是将近春秋末期的越王，名叫姒勾践。越国在现在的上海，浙江北部和江苏南部。

King Gou Jian of Yue ( reigned 496 B. C. ~ 465 B. C. ) was the king of the Kingdom of Yue ( present-day Shanghai ， northern Zhejiang and southern Jiangsu ) near the end of the Spring and Autumn Period ， named Luo Gou Jian .

周敬王二十六年（公元前494），吴王夫差为父报仇，兴兵败越，越王勾践求和，送给吴王珍宝美女西施，自己亲自为夫差牵马。

In 494 B. C. , King Fuchai of the Wu state , the son of Helu , attacked Yue to seek revenge . Yue was defeated . King Goujian sued for peace , sending jewels and Xishi ( a great beauty in Chinese history ) to the Wu king , and leading the horse for Fuchai himself .