详细估算

详细估算或者称为明确估价是在工程范围基本明确、详细设计正在进行、项目的基本特征已经确定时做出的。

The detailed estimate or definitive estimate is made when the scope of work is clearly defined and the detailed design is in progress so that the essential features of the facility are identifiable .

当详细设计进行到一定阶段，最根本的详细设计已经完成时，就要基于项目的明确范围进行详细估算。

When the detailed design has progressed to a point when the essential details are known , a detailed estimate is made on the basis of the well defined scope of the project .

论文提出了产品设计初期成本估算的算法模型，采用了详细估算法和BP神经网络估算的方法。

Thirdly , the thesis proposes arithmetic for cost estimation , which combines the method of estimating in detail and the estimating on the BP neutral network model .

而计划是项目管理的基本组成部分，包括明确项目目标和工作范围。项目成本估算有因素估算法和利用WBS方法的详细估算。

But the plan is the basic component of project management , including defining the goal working range of project , estimating project cost have estimation may use the computing method and detail computing method of using WBS .

首先，研究了它的方向图可重构原理，给出了详细估算方向图可重构模式的解析表达式。

Firstly , the reconfigurable principle is investigated and a detailed analytical expression for reconfigurable mode estimation is provided .

介绍了本系统电路的总体构成，分析了各组成电路模块的功能，并对其各项指标进行了详细估算和仿真。

The composition of the electric circuit and analysis of the function of each circuit module . Estimation and simulation was carried out . 5 .

根据国家建设项目经济评价方法与参数，对项目投资进行了详细估算，并以此进行项目财务初步可行性研究；

According to the methodology of economic evaluation and parameter of national construction project , writer estimates the project investment in detail , so as to study the financial affairs preliminary feasibility ;

详细成本估算中的具体项次成为工作成本要素。

Specific items in the detailed cost estimate become job cost elements .

这个方法并不生成一个详细的估算，但它提供了一个足够精确的推测来比较项目或是决定是否启动一个项目。

The approach does not produce a detailed estimate but it does provide an accurate enough guess to compare projects or to decide whether to start a project .

本着控制和监督的目的，初始的详细成本估算通常被转化为项目预算，并被用来作为随后成本管理的指南。

For control and monitoring purposes , the original detailed cost estimate is typically converted to a project budget , and the project budget is used subsequently as a guide for management .

“A”通常对客户来说足够大了，会让他们在有更详细的估算之前拒绝承诺工作，并因此拒绝资助更进一步的分析；

" A " is generally taken to represent a number big enough for the customer to refuse to commit to the work without a more detailed estimate , and thus the funding of some further analysis ;

我们将免费拟一份提案，其中包括详细的成本估算。

We 'll put together a proposal , including detailed costings , free of charge .

这项工程需要做详细的成本估算。

The project needs to be costed in detail .

要是现实成本没有超出详细的成本估算，我们便认为项目的财政控制做得较好。

To the extent that costs are within the detailed cost estimate , then the project is thought to be under financial control .

在实际操作当中，无论详细的成本估算中是否包括了意外事件，项目预算都应列支一笔应急储备金。

Realistically , a budget accounting item for contingency allowance should be established whenever a contingency amount was included in the final cost estimate .

此外，建立在组织内部的成本报告种类同详细的成本估算中的数量很少有相似之处。

Moreover , the categories of cost accounts established within an organization may bear little resemblance to the quantities included in a final cost estimate .

只对估算中表现出最大风险、最大成本或最大范围的一些组件进行详细分析和估算。

Analyse and estimate only some components in more detail as these represent the biggest risk , the biggest cost or the biggest range in the estimate .

当详细的成本估算是按照外部的汇报要求而不是按照组织内部现有的成本报告来编制时，其情况就更加如此。

This is particularly true when final cost estimates are prepared in accordance with an external reporting requirement rather than in view of the existing cost accounts within an organization .