耐药菌株

随着耐药菌株的增多，重症监护病房（ICU）医院获得性肺炎的发生率显著升高。

With the increasing of drug resistant strain , incidence of nosocomial pneumonia in ICU is increasing greatly .

[目的]铜绿假单胞菌（PA）是院内感染的重要致病菌，对于PA肺炎，尤其是PA多重耐药菌株所致的重症肺部感染，治疗棘手，病死率高。

【 Objective 】 Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( PA ) is one of the most important pathogens in hospital acquired infection . PA pneumonia is associated with high mortality , especially in its severe form which caused by the muti-drug resistant strain .

根际优势菌耐药菌株的获得及其~（15）N标记

Obtaining streptomycin resistance strain from predominant rhizosphere bacteria and its ￣( 15 ) n label

其mRNA表达水平耐药菌株与敏感株有显著性差异（P0.05）。

The mRNA expression levels of efflux protein coding genes abeM of Resistant isolates and sensitive isolates was significantly different ( P0.05 ) .

对于多重耐药菌株，采用多重PCR技术对其携带的3类整合子进行检测，同时对整合子阳性菌株进行基因盒分析。

Multiplex PCR was used to detect 3 different classes of integron in multi-resistant strains , and PCR-sequencing method was used to analysis gene cassettes .

ICU细菌谱基线特征及致耐药菌株的相关因素分析

Analysis of the Baseline Characteristics of Bacterial Spectrum and the Related Factors of Drug-resistant Strains in Intensive Care Unit

结论：为了更好预防和控制肿瘤病房CNS感染，加强耐药菌株监测和隔离防护管理十分重要。

Conclusion It 's very important to monitor the drug-resistant strain to prevent CNS infection in tumor wards .

杜克大学医学中心研究人员已开发出一种高敏感性的试验方法来鉴定哪种HIV耐药菌株潜伏于病人的血流中。

Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have developed a highly sensitive test for identifying which drug-resistant strains of HIV are harbored in a patient 's bloodstream .

中药复方对临床耐药菌株、不同血清型Uu的药敏实验

Drug Sensitve Test of Compound Chinese Medicinal Herbs in Inhibiting Clinical Resistant Strains and Heterologous of Uu

世界卫生组织（WorldHealthOrganization）警告说，去年，此类感染在世界各地都有发生，许多疾病的耐药菌株正在以比能克制它们的新抗生素更快的速度不断出现。

The World Health Organization warned last year that such infections were occurring all over the world , and that drug resistant strains of many diseases were emerging faster than new antibiotics could be made to fight them .

方法：K-B法做耐药菌株的药敏试验。

Methods : Antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed by K-B method .

6株qnr基因阳性菌株均为产超广谱β内酰胺酶（ESBLs）且多重耐药菌株。

Strains with qnr gene were ESBLs producing and multidrug-resistance strains .

结论ICU为耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌感染高发病区，也是多重耐药菌株感染较多的病区，应重点监控。

Conclusion ICU is a high risk area of infection with imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other multiply-resistant bacteria , which should be given strengthened surveillance .

方法1201例临床感染标本分离培养鉴定后，监测常见分离菌的耐药菌株（MDR）。

METHODS Isolating , culturing and identifying 1201 clinical infectious specimens , to survey multiple drug resistance ( MDR ) in main isolated bacteria .

结论：PA耐药菌株多，合理使用抗生素及加强各环节的严格消毒，对PA-VAP的防治十分有益。

Conclusion : Antibiotic resistance in P.aeruginosa is wide . The use of appropriate antibiotics and strictly sterilizing measures may be immensely beneficial for the prophylaxis and treatment of PA VAP .

人群中Hp的感染率高达50%，但由于临床抗生素滥用和耐药菌株的日益增多，目前抗Hp感染重点已转向免疫预防和治疗。

Hp infection rate of human is as heavy as 50 % . With antibiotics abusing and the increasing unsensitive strains the issue on anti-Hp infection has turned to immune prevention and therapy .

沙门菌REP-PCR分子分型技术的优化及其在耐药菌株中的应用

Optimization of the REP-PCR molecular classification method of Salmonella and its application in drug-resistant strains

方法应用纸片扩散法检测超广谱β内酰胺酶（ESBLs）及持续高产1型诱导酶（AmpC），应用KB纸片法对124临床分离的多重耐药菌株进行药物敏感试验。

METHODS Drug sensibility tests were performed by K-B method , extended-spectrum β - lactamases ( ESBLs ) and AmpC enzyme were detected with 124 multi-drug resistant strains .

克林霉素耐药菌株中有3株检测出ermF，PCR法进一步证实其位点不在质粒上；甲硝唑耐药菌株中均未检测出耐药基因与质粒。

The ermF gene were detected in three of eight clindamycin resistant strains . None of them was found coded on bacterial plasmids .

普通的敏感细菌在MP快速液体鉴定培养基中可以被有效抑制，真菌及耐药菌株是引起的快速培养假阳性的主要原因。

The ordinary sensitive bacteria can be inhibited effectively in MP rapid liquid culture medium . Fungi and drug-resistant strains are the main causes of the false-positive on MP rapid liquid culture .

结论4种23株常见病原菌均为耐药菌株，产生ESBLs是铜绿假单胞菌高度多重耐药的主要机制之一。

Conclusions 23 strains of four kinds of common pathogens were all drug resistant strains , producing ESBLs was one of the major multi-drug resistant mechanisms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa .

对四环素的耐药菌株占93.02%，由质粒介导的高度耐四环素淋球菌（TRNG）菌株占10.48%；

Tetracycline resistant ( TRNG ) isolates accounted for 93.02 % with 10.48 % high level tetracycline resistant .

inhA基因突变约占异烟肼临床耐药菌株的10－35%，其突变位点呈多样性。

About 10-35 % of the clinical isolates of isoniazid-resistant M. Tuberculosis contains mutations of inhA gene .

结果显示绿脓杆菌对Ceftazidime和头孢哌酮的耐药菌株分别由10%和28%增至37%和46%。

Results showed resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime and cefoperazone have increased from 10 % to 37 % and 28 % to 46 % reespectively ;

使用PFGE图型方法分析6株血清型23F和3株血清型6的青霉素耐药菌株流行病学上的基本特性。

The properties of serotype 23F and 6 isolates of penicillin resistant pneumococci were assessed by PFGE .

结果48株亚胺培南耐药菌株均为多重耐药菌，对临床常用的多种抗菌药物耐药，敏感率由高到低依次为CIP、TOB、AMK、GEN和FEP；

RESULTS All isolates were multiresistant , the orders of sensitivity rates of antibiotics were CIP , TOB , AMK , GEN , and FEP .

测定白念珠菌中罗丹明6G的外排情况，是筛选主动外排泵基因过度表达的耐药菌株的一种有效方法。

The measurement of Rhodamine 6G efflux is a useful method for the identification of drug-resistant strains induced by the excessive expression of active efflux pump .

结论对NGU患者应作支原体培养和药敏试验，动态监测其耐药性，指导临床医生合理用药，以减少耐药菌株的产生。

Conclusion Un and Mh be cultured and drug sensitivity test be carried out in order to guide clinical use of antibiotics and delay the development of drug resistance .

结果白念珠菌耐药菌株CDR1基因的表达量明显高于对应的敏感菌株。

Results Higher expression of CDR1 gene was observed in the fluconazole-resistant isolates than that on the fluconazole-susceptible isolates .

体外试验：用试管倍比稀释法分别测定EN、VP对耐药菌株和标准菌株02、0（78）的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）。

The experiment in vitro : The minimal inhibitory concentrations ( MICs ) of enrofloxacin and verapamil on 10 strains E. coli ( including standard O2 . O78 ) were tested with the method of broth two-fold dilution .