糖醛酸

多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）与果实成熟软化研究进展

The role of polygalacturonase ( pg ) in fruit ripening

多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）活性呈峰值变化，变化幅度小于普通番茄。

The activity of PG presented peak variation which was less than that of the normal tomatoes .

而在桃果实软化过程中，多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）起着比较重要的作用。

In the post-harvest ripening stage , polygalacturonase plays a major role and makes the fruit rapidly soften .

研究表明，同一菠萝不同部位果肉硬度、PG活性及可溶性糖醛酸含量差异较大。

Different fresh firmness , soluble polyuronides and PG activity in different parts of pineapple were also observed .

低温可延缓水溶性糖醛酸含量的增加和硬度的下降，抑制PG和PE活性，从而抑制细胞壁的降解。

The increase of PG and PE activity , soluble polyuronide content and decrease of fresh firmness could be postponed by low temperature .

多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）和纤维素酶对柿子的软化起很大的作用，其活性增加的原因之一是新合成了蛋白质。

One of the reasons of increasing the activity of hydrolytic enzyme is that the new protein is synthesized .

芽孢杆菌（BacillussubtilisNo.16A）苎麻脱胶聚半乳糖醛酸裂解酶的纯化及酶学性质

Purification and properties of Polygalacturonic acid lyase from ramie degumming Bacillus subtilis No.16A

结论transT代谢，M1生成及其与葡糖醛酸结合均具立体选择性和性别差异；

Conclusion In vitro , trans T metabolism , M1 formation and M1 glucuronidation were found to be stereoselective in rat liver microsomes .

结果在大鼠尿样中检测到7种I相代谢产物（如原药的脱氢、脱甲基、羟基化代谢物）及11种II相代谢产物（如甲基化轭合物和葡糖醛酸轭合物）。

Results At least seven phase I metabolites ( such as de-methyl , de-hydrogen and hydroxyl metabolites ) and eleven phase II metabolites ( such as glucuronide conjugates and methyl-conjugates ) were identified in rat urine .

亨特氏综合症的患者体内缺乏艾杜糖醛酸-2-硫酸酯酶，该酶对机体内诸如葡萄胺聚糖（GAG）这样的碳水化合物循环利用非常重要。

People with Hunter syndrome lack the enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase , which is essential for recycling complex carbohydrates such as glycosaminoglycans , or GAG .

结果表明：酸法降解所得低分子CS硫酸基脱除率高达3.97%，并伴随有4,5-不饱和糖醛酸等不饱和结构产生，产物颜色为橘红色。

It showed that the sulfate removal rate of acid degradation products reached 3.97 % , and some 4 , 5-unsaturated uronic acids were generated . The color of products was orange-red .

在雌性大鼠肝微粒体中（-）M1优先与葡糖醛酸结合；

( + ) - M1 and ( - ) - M1 were preferentially glucuronidated in the liver microsomes of male and female rats , respectively .

UGT酶与N-萄糖醛酸结合反应

Conjugation Reaction of UGTs and N - glucuronic Acid

分别用绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）基因、β葡糖醛酸酶（GUS）基因以及小鼠二氢叶酸还原酶（DHFR）基因3种报告基因置换CP基因。

The CP gene was replaced by green fluorescent protein ( GFP ) gene ,β glucuronidase ( GUS ) gene or mouse dihydrofolate reductase ( DHFR ) gene , respectively .

【目的】构建突变型αL艾杜糖醛酸酶基因（IDUA）cDNA，为体外表达、鉴定突变的性质提供物质基础。

Objective The mutant IDUA gene ( IDUA ) cDNA was constructed in order to establish the foundation for in vitro expression and further identification .

这些反应分别由UDP-葡糖醛酸转移酶（UDP-glucuronosyltransferases，UGT）和硫酸基转移酶所催化介导。

These reactions are catalyzed by UDP-glucuronosyltransferases ( UGT ) and sulfotransferases , respectively .

枣采后在软化过程中，果肉淀粉含量下降，淀粉酶活性上升，原果胶含量减少，可溶性果胶含量增加，多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）活性下降；

Postharvest softening of jujube flesh was coincided with the starch degradation , the increase of amylase activity and soluble pectin content , the decrease in protopectin content , and polygalactouronase ( PG ) activity .

报道了各种营养成分对维氏固氮菌（Azotobactervinelandii）产褐藻酸钠及对褐藻酸钠中甘露糖醛酸与古洛糖醛酸比值（M/G）的影响。

The effects of media composition on the production and M / G ratios of sodium alginate formed by Azotobacter vinelandii were reported .

肝素（Heparin，Hep）是由不同硫酸化程度的葡萄糖胺和葡萄糖醛酸／艾杜糖醛酸二糖单位所组成的粘多糖，是目前临床上最重要的抗凝血和抗血栓药物。

Heparin ( Hep ) is a mucopolysaccharide consisting of glucosamine with different degree of sulfation and glucuronic acid / iduronic di-saccharide units . Hep is the most important anticoagulant and antithrombotic drugs in clinical .

结果表明，番茄果实成熟衰老过程中乙烯释放率、呼吸强度、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）活性、番茄红素、叶绿素以及细胞壁可溶性蛋白均发生较明显的变化；

The results showed that during maturation , ripening and senescence of tomato , obvious changes took place in ethylene production , respiration , polygalacturonase ( PG ) activity , lycopene , chlorophyll and soluble protein in cell wall ;

半乳糖醛酸聚糖链部分羧基被甲酯化，部分O-2或O-3位被乙酰基取代。

Parts of carboxyls on the polysaccharide were methylated , while some were replaced by acetyl at the position of O-2 or O-3 .

以新摘大台农芒果为原料，对其采后采取不同贮藏处理方式，对贮藏期间芒果的硬度、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）的活性和果胶含量的变化进行了研究。

The changes of degree of hardness , polygalacturonase ( PG ) actives and pectin content of new picked Mango ( Da Tai Nong ) which were after there adoptions by the different storages approach clones during the storage were studied .

目的为建立能稳定表达人葡糖醛酸转移酶UDPGT1A9蛋白的CHLUDPGT1A9转基因细胞系，并鉴定其对药物的葡糖醛酸缀合活性。

AIM To establish a cell line CHL UDP glucuronosyltransferase gene ( UDPGT1A9 ) which will stably express human UDPGT1A9 protein and determine the activity of expressed UDPGT1A9 in drug glucuronidation .

多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）广泛作用于果实软化、器官脱落、花粉授粉、种子发育等过程，本文重点探讨了PG与乙烯以及其它植物激素的关系，PG在植物防卫反应中的作用。

Polygalacturonase ( PG ) plays major roles in fruit softening , organ abscission , pollination and seed development . The relationship between polygalacturonase and ethylene , other plant hormone , and the positions of PG in plant resistance and diseases responses were specially discussed in this paper .

本文以褐藻胶和κ-卡拉胶为原料通过酸水解分别获得了低聚的甘露糖醛酸、古罗糖醛酸和低聚κ-卡拉胶，并采用HPGPC法测定了这3种低聚糖的重均分子量。

Low molecular weight mannuronic acid , guluronic acid and κ carrageenan were prepared from algin and carrageenan by the acid hydrolysis method , and their weight average molecular weights and the distribution widths of molecular weight were determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography ( HPGPC ) respectively .

凝胶层析得到的ODPs各组分纯度高，至少由5种单糖组成，糖醛酸含量较高，其结构需进一步研究。

The purity of the main components of ODPs isolated by Gel chromatography was high , they were composed of 5 kinds of monosaccharides at least and their contents of uronic acid were high . Their structure should be studied further on the basis of this thesis .

利用体外定点诱变技术构建人突变型α-L-艾杜糖醛酸酶基因

Constructing Human Mutant IDUA Gene by in Vitro Site-Directed Mutagenesis Technique

β-葡糖醛酸酶在恒河猴组织中的分布

Distribution of β - Glucuronidase Activity in macaca mulatta Tissues

目前糖醛酸的合成主要是以单糖为原料氧化而得。

Uronic acid can be synthesized by oxidation of monosaccharide .

富含半乳糖醛酸的果胶主链断裂。

Ruptures of the pectic main chains rich in galacturonic acid occurred .