疏水基团

研究表明，由于疏水基团的引入，使得聚合物P（AM/DAGE）具有一定的耐温、抗盐及耐酸碱性。

It was found that the introduction of hydrophobic groups provides P ( AM / DAGE ) copolymer a capability of heat-resistance , salt-resistance and excellent acid and alkali resistance .

同时，NaCl的加入，使疏水基团间的缔合作用更强，缔合体更紧密，导致盐溶液的紫外吸光度大于纯水溶液。

Meanwhile , the association of hydrophobic groups was stronger and associative structures were more closely with the adding of NaCl , which leaded to the increase of UV absorbance in brine solutions .

结果表明，随疏水基团含量增加，特性粘数[η]减小、Huggins常数增大；

The results indicate that the intrinsic viscosity decreases and Huggins constant increases with the increase of hydrophobe content .

以P（St-Am·MG）对染料活性艳红（X-3B）溶液进行絮凝试验，考察了高聚物剂量及外加盐对絮凝效果的影响，并与无疏水基团的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺PAm·MG的絮凝能力进行了比较。

The flocculation of active red dye X-3B by P ( St-Am · MG ) has been carried out and its flocculation ability was compared with PAm · MG which had no hydrophobic group in chain .

在不同pH值环境中，通过调节亲水基团与疏水基团的比例，可在18~56℃范围内调节LCST，pH<7.5时LCST消失。

In different pH environments , by changing the proportion of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments on backbone and graft chain , LCST could be effectively adjusted between 18 ~ 56 ℃ .

加入尿素可使蛋白质的疏水基团暴露出来，使EAI值升高，但是加入不同浓度的尿素对乳化性的影响差别不大。

The addition of urea improved the exposure of hydrophobic groups in protein and promoted the increase of EAI of SPI . However , no obvious effect of added urea at different levels on EAI was observed .

通过黄原胶与氯代烃（ArCl）进行醚化反应，在聚合物分子链上引入疏水基团，合成了具有疏水缔合性能的改性黄原胶（MXG）。

Hydrophobic association with the property of the modified xanthan gum were synthesized through the etherification of xanthan gum and chlorinated hydrocarbons ( ArCl ), introduced hydrophobic groups in the polymer chains .

金纳米粒子表面采用端基为四乙二醇三甲基铵（TTMA）的配体进行修饰，以消除金纳米粒子配体端基结构中氢键和疏水基团的影响。

Gold nanoparticle sur-face was modified by a ligand with an end group of tetra-glycol ethylene-trimethyl ammonium ( TTMA ) to eliminate the effect of hydrogen binding and hydrophobic group in the end group of gold nanoparticle ligand .

侧链含疏水基团羧甲基纤维素接枝共聚物的溶液性质

Aqueous Solution Properties of Carboxymethylcellulose-based Graft Copolymers Containing hydrophobic Moieties in Side Chains

树脂的结构表征和其羟值的测定表明所合成的互穿聚合物网络既有亲水基团羟基，又有疏水基团苯环；

Structure and hydroxyl values of PVA / PS IPN were characterized and measured respectively .

同样，这种清洁剂既有亲水基团又有疏水基团。

Again , molecules of these detergents have a hydrophobic portion and a hydrophilic one .

疏水基团会阻止水溶液中的腐蚀性离子的进攻从而减缓腐蚀的发展。

And then , hydrophobic groups will prevent the attack of corrosive ions in aqueous solution .

探讨了不同疏水基团对固定化酶偶联率、稳定性及对有机磷化合物灵敏度的影响。

The coupling ratio , operating stability and the sensitivity to detect the organophosphorus compounds of the immobilized CHE were also investigated .

生物表面活性剂和一般的化学表面活性剂一样，都拥有亲水和疏水基团，是微生物生长在水不溶的有机物中并以营养物而产生的代谢产物。

Biosurfactants , as chemical surfactants , have hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups , produced by microorganisms using some water-immiscible organic matter as substrates .

用带有疏水基团的亲水性多糖，可以方便有效地稳定糖化酶，明显提高了糖化酶的储存稳定性。

Glucoamylase was conveniently and effectively stabilized by using hydrophilic polysaccharide with hydrophobic groups , and the storage stability of glucoamylase was greatly increased .

通过环境友好的、高选择性的酶催化转酯化反应引入疏水基团可以制备葡甘聚糖的酯化衍生物，从而拓宽其应用领域。

KGM can be modified by environmentally friendly and selective enzyme-catalyzed transesterification to form the esterified derivatives of KGM and then its applications will be extended .

芘荧光光谱分析表明，该聚合物在水溶液中依靠分子链上的疏水基团形成一定的缔合作用。

The pyrene fluorescence spectrum shows that depending on the hydrophobic group connected with the main polymer chain hydrophobic association is formed in the aqueous solution .

将酪氨酸酶固定化到疏水基团修饰的琼脂珠上，蛋白吸附率和酶活力回收分别达到了90%和80%。

Tyrosinase was immobilized on agar gel decorated by hydrophobic groups , and the yield of adsorbed protein and activity remaining is over 90 % and 80 % respectively .

然而，由于其较大的分子结构及其分子主链上疏水基团的缔合作用，其水溶液的增稠能力要比小分子表面活性剂水溶液的增稠能力强的多。

However , their solutions showed much better thickening ability than low-molecular-weight surfactants solutions due to their large molecular structures and the association of the hydrophobic groups on the backbone .

此外，研究发现在该作用的过程中，阳离子表面活性剂的疏水基团起到了十分关键的作用。

In addition , the hydrophobic group of quarternary ammonium compounds was found playing a key role in the action of cationic surfactant on the whole cells and its intracellular enzymes .

大分子链上的强阴离子基团磺酸根的存在，在一定程度上会削弱疏水基团之间的疏水缔合作用，即对疏水基团的疏水缔合行为会产生一定的负性影响。

The hydrophobic association property of hydrophobic association group St is weakened and the critical associating concentration of the copolymer is increased due to existing of strong anionic groups in macromolecular chains .

但酸/碱调节处理均使盐溶性蛋白的Ca2+-ATPase活性明显降低，蛋白质分子内部疏水基团暴露，相对表面疏水性升高。

However , both the acid and alkali adjustment reduced the Ca2 + - ATPase of salt souble protein significantly , the hydrophobic groups of protein molecules was exposed and the relative surface hydrophobicity increased .

这类聚合物是一类亲水主链上带有少量疏水基团的聚合物，因此具有两亲性，可以降低体系的表、界面张力，尽管这种能力要比传统小分子表面活性剂小的多。

This kind of polymer is a water-soluble polymer with a few hydrophobic groups in the hydrophilic macromolecular chain . They can lower the surface and interfacial tension due to their intrinsic amphiphilic properties , though their abilities are much lower than those of the conventional low-molecular-weight surfactants .

在壳聚糖分子链上引入疏水性基团GMA，并对其进行了IR、NMR、XRD和XPS表征。

Chitosan grafted hydrophobic groups GMA were characterized by IR , NMR , XRD and XPS .

疏水性基团GMA的引入改变了CS-g-GMA薄膜的结晶程度的同时使得非极性溶剂，如苯、环己烯和环己烷等，在其中的溶胀度明显增加。

The introduction of hydrophobic groups GMA changed the degree of crystallinity of CS-g-GMA , also made the swelling ratio of non-polar solvents such as benzene , cyclohexene and cyclohexane , in CS-g-GMA increase significantly .

在合成聚氨酯预聚体时，添加含有17个碳原子的长链脂肪烃的硬脂酸单甘油酯，在聚氨酯大分子侧链上引入强疏水性基团脂肪烃基。

Aliphatic alkyl saturated containing seventeen carbons as power hydrophobic group is introduced in the side chain of polyurethane .

凝胶是由溶剂与高分子网络所组成的三维网络结构，其大分子主链或侧链上含有离子解离性、极性或疏水性基团。

Gel is a three-dimensional network which consists of solvent and polymer . The polymer contains ionic , hydrogen or hydrophobic group on its main or side chains .

颗粒污泥表面羟基和氨基数量下降，而羰基等不饱和疏水性基团增多，导致颗粒污泥疏水性提高。

The number of hydroxyl and amino groups on the surface of granular sludge declined . The hydrophobic groups like unsaturated carbonyl increased . All of those caused the granular sludge to be more hydrophobic .

在水溶性高分子中引入疏水性基团会对其性质产生重要影响，主要表现在疏水性基团在水溶液中发生疏水性缔合引起的流变学性能的改变。

Introducing hydrophobic groups to water-soluble polymers has significant effects on the property of the polymers , mainly the changing of the rheological property caused by the hydrophobic association among the hydrophobic groups in aqueous solutions .

典型有机污染物疏水常数的基团贡献模型

New Group Contribution Method for Estimating Hydrophobic Constants of Selected Organic Pollutants