四肢肌

神经肌病四肢肌萎缩的CT表现

The CT Manifestation of the Limbs ' Muscular Atrophy in Neuromuscular Diseases

目的：重症肌无力（MG）是一种神经肌肉接头（NMJ）传递障碍引起的自身免疫性疾病，主要累及眼外肌、四肢肌及呼吸肌等引起肌肉收缩无力。

AIM : Myasthenia gravis ( MG ) is a kind of autoimmune disease mainly causes muscle weakness due to dysfunction of the neuromuscular transmission .

四肢肌张力改变；

Alternated muscle tone of extremities ;

学生伏案学习坐姿的躯干和四肢肌负荷很大程度上取决于课桌椅空间设置与学生体格适合程度。

Biomechanics load on limbs and trunk of students bending over their desks reading depends principally on the correspondence between desk-chair measurements and student 's height .

体检：3例均有四肢肌张力铅管样或齿轮样增高及伸性跖反射，2例双下肢腱反射活跃。

As well as the lead-pipe or cogwheel rigidity of the limb muscles and extension plantar response : 2 patients had brisk tendon reflexes of lower limbs .

四肢带状肌营养不良2I患者心脏和呼吸功能衰竭

Cardiac and respiratory failure in limb - girdle muscular dystrophy 2I

取生后2～5d的SD大鼠四肢骨骼肌制备细胞悬液，并以1×106细胞密度放入35mm培养皿中培养5～7d，使其发育为成肌细胞及肌管细胞。

The stem cells of skeletal muscle from SD rats in an age of 2-5 days were grown in a 35-mm plate with complete medium for 5 - 7 days and myoblasts and myotubes were harvested .

所有患者均于治疗前后进行躯干及四肢关键肌肌力、ADL（Barthel指数）、XOS综合力向量的评定并予记录。

The data of muscle strength of the key muscles and the trunk ( MMT ), ADL ( Barthel Index ), Colligating force vector quantitie ( CFVQ ) before and after treatment were assessed .

结论：模式匹配肌电图MUP面积、SI、波幅、时限为重要临床诊断参数，四肢大肌群轻度用力收缩所募集的MUP各项参数诊断作用更为敏感。

Conclusion : In diagnosis of neurogenic MUP , the area , size index , amplitude , and duration appeared to be the most important parameters and the slight muscle contraction in the motor unit recruitment delivered a better diagnostic yield .

结果临床特点：眼睑下垂、咽下困难、构音障碍，可累及四肢骨骼肌出现肌无力、肌萎缩；

Results The clinical features included ptosis , dysphagia , dysarthria and the limb weakness or amyotrophy .

方法：分离乳鼠四肢骨骼肌，用DMEM/F-12培养液对成肌细胞进行体外原代培养；

Methods : Separating skeletal muscle of neonate mice , and cultured in vitro . Myoblast were primarily cultured in vitro with DMEM / F-12 culture liquid .

近来的研究发现雌激素对四肢骨骼肌的纤维构成、代谢等也有不同程度的影响，但对咀嚼肌研究的报道甚少。

The effects of estrogen on the composition and metabolism of myofiber in limb skeletal muscles have been investigated extensively in recent years . However , the effect of estrogen on masticatory muscles has been rarely studied .

15例均表现为慢性进行性双下肢或四肢肌无力和肌萎缩，有家族史者3例。

Three of the 15 patients had a family history of CMT .

其中12例四肢肌力、肌张力恢复正常；

Muscular strength and muscular ton in 12 cases were restored to normal .

结果4例为急性起病，分别表现为两侧眼睑下垂，眼球活动受限，吞咽困难、四肢肌力、肌张力减弱。

Results All of the four cases were acute at the bilateral blepharoptosis , restriction of ocular movement , dysphagia , weakness of extremities , and weakening of muscular tension .

结果2例患者均以颈肌无力起病，以后四肢和躯干肌不同程度受累，无骨骼发育畸形。

Results These two patients were found with an initial onset from neck muscle weakness at the age of 52 and 36 years respectively , followed by trunk and limb muscle involvement to a variant degree . development ;

全组病例多起病急，病程短，首发症状以精神症状、意识障碍为突出表现，伴有尿失禁、抽搐、不同程度偏瘫或四肢瘫、肌张力增高及病理反射阳性。

Presented with a characteristic clinical Picture of acute onset , apparent psychiatric symptoms and obvious disturbance of consciousness , accompanied by convulsion , incontinence of urine , muscular hypertonia of extremities and bilateral or unilateral positive Babinski 's sign .

DMD是九种肌营养不良症的最常见类型，以缺少四肢等随意肌的肌营养不良蛋白为主要特征。

DMD is the most common of nine types of muscular dystrophy , which is characterized by a lack of the protein dystrophin in voluntary muscles , such as those in the arms and legs .

脑卒中患者四肢肌肉的表面肌电信号特征研究

Surface myoelectric signal features taken from limb muscles of stroke patients

临床特点为进行性四肢远端肌无力、肌萎缩，末梢型感觉障碍，腱反射减弱或消失，足部畸形（高弓足）。

The clinical features were slowly progressive distal muscle weakness , atrophy and end-brush form sensory decrement , diminished or absent tendon reflexes , foot deformity ( pes cavus ) .

四肢肌肉无萎缩，双上肢肌力Ⅲ级，双下肢肌力Ⅱ级：腹壁反射（+）、双侧肱二头肌反射、桡反射、膝反射、踝反射均消失，四肢肌张力减低。

Muscles of all extremities had not atrophy . The upper extremities muscle force were III grade . and the lower extremities muscle force were II grade .