内质网

蛋白质的代谢与内质网密切相关，因此，内质网应激（ERstress）在帕金森病的发生、发展过程中起重要的作用。

The metabolism of protein is associated with the endoplasmic reticulum . Thus , endoplasmic reticulum stress ( ER stress ) plays important roles in neuronal death of PD .

8周时腺泡、导管基本恢复正常，炎症不明显。超微结构变化：注入基因后3d，腺泡和导管细胞内可见大量粗面内质网，粘液腺泡中粘液滴增多，融合成片；

After 8 weeks , normal acini and ducts were found The ultrastructural changes included : 3 days , much more rough endoplasmic reticulum was found both in acini and duct epithelial cells ;

B细胞粗面内质网丰富，胞质中有1～2个大液泡，起分泌作用，属全泌型；

B cells have 1 to 2 large vacuoles and numerous rough endoplasmic reticulum ( Rer );

肝癌细胞N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖基转移酶V表达受阻与内质网应激之间的关系

Relationship between blocking of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V in hepatocarcinoma cells and cellular endoplasmic reticulum stress

p53基因在内质网应激诱导的晶状体上皮细胞凋亡中的作用

The Effect of p53 on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-induced Apoptosis of Lens Epithelial Cells

HBVx基因的表达及在真核细胞中对内质网压力的作用

Expression of HBV X Gene and Its Function in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Eukaryotic Cell Lines

R细胞线粒体和滑面内质网丰富，其内贮存有脂肪颗粒和糖原。

The early R-cells are very rich in mitochondria and smooth endoplasmic reticulum with plenty of fatty granular and glycogen .

衣霉素诱导的内质网应激可能在衣霉素对TRAIL的这种致敏性中发挥作用。

Tunicamycin-induced ER stress seems to play an important role in tunicamycin-mediated up-regulation of TRAIL receptors .

注射后3d和5d可见粗面内质网明显扩张，高尔基复合体发达。

Expanded RER and developed Golgi complex were found on 3rd and 5th days after injection .

STH细胞中的粗面内质网围核环状排列；

Rough endoplasmic reticulum in STH cells are circumnuclear .

而细胞内的DCN在外界因素作用下，可能通过内质网应激（ERstress），经泛素-蛋白酶体系统调节降解。

However , intracellular DCN under external factors , can be degraded by Ubiquitin proteasome pathway through ER stress .

Caspase-12短发夹状RNA在内质网应激性凋亡中的作用

Mechanism of apoptosis induced by ER stress through siRNA against caspase-12

TSH细胞内质网膨大成泡状；

Endoplasmic reticulum in TSH cells expands to froth .

甚至，IDOL能调解内质网中受体前体的降解。

IDOL can even mediate the degradation of the receptor precursor in the endoplasmic reticulum .

ACTH细胞内质网近核分布。

In ACTH cells endoplasmic reticulum distribute near nucleus .

本研究观察了不同热应激强度下大鼠心肌细胞内质网、线粒体中钙含量，Ca2＋－ATP酶活力，内质网Ca2＋主动转运速率及心肌ATP含量的变化。

The rate of Ca 2 + active transportation in SR and ATP content in myocardium were also observed .

电镜下ANP各组腺泡细胞粗面内质网扩张、酶原颗粒增多。

Electron microscopy showed that ANP induced mild endoplasmic reticulum dilatation and increase in zymogen granules .

外层与内层之间有缝隙。ATP酶活性反应产物主要分布在细胞质基质、质体、内质网和花粉内壁中。

Product of ATPase reaction was mainly found in plastid , ERs , matrix of cytoplasm , and intine of pollen wall .

研究证实牛磺酸可以抑制Hcy等多种因素诱导的ER应激，增强内质网的蛋白质折叠能力并且减少修饰异常，对心肌细胞具有保护作用。

It is confirmed that taurine protected cardiomyocytes through inhibiting ER stress induced by homocysteine and enhancing protein folding capacity .

应用LSCM对脑脊液淋巴瘤细胞内质网的研究

Study on Endoplasmic Reticulum of Cerebrospinal Fluid Lymphoma Cells by LSCM

前两套系统获得荧光探针图像信息显示所标记的细胞内线粒体、溶酶体、内质网和高尔基体区域平均荧光强度比值（J1／J2值）都明显高于细胞内J1／J2值。

Average fluorescence intensity ratio in regions labeled by fours organelle probes acquired by the two former systems was markedly higher than that in cells .

Bcl-2家族蛋白、内质网和溶酶体能引起线粒体膜通透性的改变，造成线粒体功能损伤，诱导细胞凋亡。

The increase of permeability of mitochondrial membranes induced by Bcl-2 family proteins , endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes can damage the function of mitochondria and induce apoptosis .

内质网内蛋白质折叠功能障碍、钙平衡的破坏及氧化反应的异常等都会触发内质网应激（ERS）。

Dysfunction of protein folding in ER , destructed calcium balance and abnormal oxidation reaction both can trigger ERS .

最近研究表明除了caspase依赖的细胞凋亡途径外，还存在内质网应激诱导的细胞凋亡途径。

Recent studies have shown that in addition to caspase dependent apoptotic pathway , there also exists the endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptotic pathway .

从本论文的第一部结果我们得出结论：ATRA通过加剧GnT-V-AS/7721细胞中的内质网应激诱导细胞凋亡。

In the first part of this work , we report that ATRA induces apoptosis in GnT-V-AS / 7721 cells via ER stress .

在细胞免疫荧光化学分析中，我们发现本底TES蛋白定位有多种模式，特别是能位于内质网和细胞核中。

In the cellular immunofluorescence assays , we showed a variable endogenous TES localization especially in the nucleus and ER .

JNK信号途径通过内质网应激反应介导心肌梗死后心力衰竭小鼠心肌组织的凋亡

C-Jun N-terminal protein kinase signaling pathway mediates cardiac myocyte apoptosis in mouse congestive heart failure after myocardial infraction via endoplasmic reticulum stress

他们的发现支持这样的观点，即所谓的内质网（ER）应激性与机体自然处理的方式是一致的，该方式是破裂发生的一个原因。

Their finding supports the idea that so-called endoplasmic reticulum ( ER ) stress together with the body 's natural way of coping with that stress is one reason why the rupture takes place .

肝细胞粗面内质网的体密度（Vvr）、面密度（Svr）；

Vvr , Svr in rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum ;

抗原处理相关转运体蛋白（Transporterassociatedwithantigenprocessing，TAP）在内源性抗原提呈过程中有重要作用，负责内源性抗原从胞浆到内质网（ER）腔的转运。

The transporter associated with antigen processing ( TAP ) plays a pivotal role in the presentation of intracellular antigen by translocating intracellular antigenic peptides from the cytosol into the lumen of endoplasmic reticulum ( ER ) .