兴奋性递质

谷氨酸是哺乳动物脑中的兴奋性递质。

Glutamate is a fast excitatory transmitter in mammalian brains .

背景：谷氨酸是感觉传入纤维的兴奋性递质，其受体广泛存在于中枢和外周神经系统，在脊髓背角神经元上有特异性分布，介导外周伤害性信息的传递。

BACKGROUND : Glutamic acid is an excitatory transmitter in the sensory afferent fibers , and its receptors widely exist in central and peripheral nerve system , which has specific distribution in spinal dorsal neuron to mediate peripheral traumatic information transmission .

激活这些受体抑制兴奋性递质谷氨酸和抑制性递质GABA在背角内的释放；

Activation of which inhibits the release of both excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate and inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA ;

谷氨酸（glutamate，Glu）是中枢神经系统主要的兴奋性递质，但其过度释放又可引起神经元损伤。

Glutamate ( Glu ) is a major excitatory neurotransmitter in central nervous system , but over release of Glu may cause neuronal injury .

相关的电生理实验说明高分压氧可以使突触间兴奋性递质的自发性释放增加，抑制性递质减少并使神经肌肉接头处的兴奋性增加。

Among the main electrophysiological findings is an increase in spontaneous synaptic transmitter release , a reduction in the inhibitory transmission and enhancement of evoked excitability activity at the neuromuscular junction .

并且还讨论了不同脑区GABA/Glu以及抑制性递质氨基酸总量与兴奋性递质氨基酸总量比值。

The ratios of GABA to Glu and of the total content of inhibitory amino-acid transmitters to that of the excitatory ones in different cerebral locations were also decreased with aging .

区透明层P3：的表达增加（即使该区的突触密度增加），从而增加了海马内兴奋性递质的释放，使海马内的兴奋性增强，这可能为雌激素促癫痈作用的机理之一。

That increased the release of excitable neurotransmitters which enhanced the excitability in hippocampus . That might be one of the mechanisms of estrogen effects on the enhancement of epileptic susceptibility .

螺旋神经节细胞是听觉传导通路的第一级神经元，其接受毛细胞释放的兴奋性递质谷氨酸的刺激产生兴奋性电位，传导至延髓脑桥连接处的蜗神经腹核和背核。

Spiral ganglion neurons ( SGNs ) are primary afferent fibers of auditory pathway , which accept the stimulation of glutamate released by hair cells and conduct the excitatory action potentials to the nucleus of cochlear nerve .

LTP的发生与突触前兴奋性神经递质释放概率增加有关。

The induction of AC-MGB LTP maybe caused by an increase in the neurotransmitter release probability and should be presynaptic .

从而说明Glu是诱发癫痫发作的主要兴奋性神经递质，而GABA有阻仰中枢神经元异常放电的作用，减缓癫痫的发作。

It is suggested that Glu is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter inducing epileptic seizures , but GABA suppresses abnormal nervous discharge of central neurons , and reduces epileptic seizures .

谷氨酸是中枢神经系统（CNS）中的主要兴奋性神经递质，有两种受体，代谢型谷氨酸受体和离子型谷氨酸受体。

Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system ( CNS ), and is the agonist of two distinct categories of glutamate receptors , metabotropic glutamate receptors and ionotropic glutamate receptors .

目的：研究电针对全脑缺血再灌注损伤脑组织兴奋性氨基酸递质（EAA）的影响。

Objective : To observe the effects of electroacupuncture ( EA ) on excitatory amino acid ( EAA ) in brain tissue after cerebral ischemia reperfusion ( CIR ) .

结果提示：缺血20min，脑组织兴奋性氨基酸递质谷氨酸（Glu）和天门冬氨酸（Asp）明显降低，再灌注后其降低更加明显；

It was found that 20 minutes after ischemia , the amount of EAA transmitters ( Glu and Asp ) in the brain tissue was decreased and it was further decreased after reperfusion .

在该通路中，谷氨酸（glutamate，Glu）是主要的兴奋性神经递质，小白蛋白（parvalbumin，PV）是主要的钙结合蛋白，它们在口面部本体感觉信息的传递中起着重要作用。

In this pathway , glutamate ( Glu ) as the main excitatory neurotransmitter and parvalbumin ( PV ) as the main calcium-binding protein play important role in the transmission of the orofacial region proprioceptive sensory information .

结论：小儿回春丹预防FC的作用机制可能与其影响大脑皮质Glu与GABA的含量，调节兴奋性氨基酸递质与抑制性氨基酸递质的平衡有关。

Conclusion : The preventive effect of Xiao ′ er huichun pill on FC is probably related with keeping the balance of excitatory amino acids and inhibitory amino acids by changing the contents of Glu and GABA in cerebral cortex .

谷氨酸（Glu）作为中枢神经系统的主要的兴奋性神经递质，是重要的致痫原因，既可导致癫痫发作，又可能在癫痫的继发性脑损害中起重要作用。

Glu , one of main excitatory neurotransmitters in central nervous system , is a etiological factor of epilepsy . It can not cause epilepsy but also may play a important part in the brain damage caused by epilepsy .

谷氨酸（glutamate，Glu）是细胞外最主要兴奋性神经递质，使兴奋性氨基酸维持在相对较低的水平，可确保适当的信号-噪声比率和防止谷氨酸受体过度激活而导致细胞死亡。

Extracellular concentrations of the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter , glutamate , and related excitatory amino acids are maintained at relatively low level to ensure an appropriate signal-to-noise ratio and to prevent excessive activation of glutamate receptors that can result in cell death .

脑梗塞患者血及脑脊液中兴奋性氨基酸递质的动态观察

Dynamic observation of excitation amino acids transmitters in blood and cerebrospinal fluid

中药对兴奋性神经递质谷氨酸的影响

Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Excitatory Neurotransmitter

脑室微量注射兴奋性神经递质谷氨酸对消炎痛－胃溃疡的抑制效应

Suppressive Effect of Intracerebroventricular Microinjection of Excitatory Neurotransmitter Glutamate on Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Mice

抑制兴奋性神经递质释放，减轻其兴奋毒性。

And GS may inhibit the release of excitatory neurotransmitter , thereby reducing its excitotoxicity .

聚合牛血红蛋白对缺血再灌注脑组织兴奋性氨基酸递质和钙代谢的影响

Effect of Polymerized Bovine Hemoglobin on Excitatory Amino Acid And Calcium After Global Cerebral Ischemia And Reperfusion

近年来研究表明，锰可干扰脑内的兴奋性神经递质谷氨酸的代谢而产生间接兴奋性神经毒作用。

In recent years studied indicated , Mn may disturb excitatory neurotransmitter Glutamate metabolism to induce the indirect excitability neurotoxicity .

谷氨酸是广泛存在于大脑的兴奋性神经递质，通过感觉传入形成意识和记忆。

Glutamine is an excitory neurotransmitter generally existing in the brain , which can form consciousness and memory through sensory afferent .

多巴胺为纹状体抑制性神经递质，而乙酰胆碱的作用则相反，即属纹状体的兴奋性神经递质。

Dopamine is Inhibitory neurotransmitters in the striatum , the role of acetylcholine on the contrary , Striatum is an excitatory neurotransmitter .

结论亚低温时对脑缺血的保护作用机制可能与减少兴奋性神经递质谷氨酸及一氧化氮的释放有关。

Conclusion The protective mechanism of mild hypothermia against encephalic ischemia may be related to decreased release of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamic acid and nitric oxide .

谷氨酸是哺乳动物中枢神经系统重要的兴奋性神经递质，参与了学习、记忆、药物依赖成瘾及神经系统退行性疾病等多种病理生理过程。

Glutamate is an important excitatory neurotransmitter in mammalian central nervous system involved in learning , memory , drug addiction and nervous system rely on a variety of degenerative diseases .

谷氨酸是视网膜内主要的兴奋性神经递质，也是一种潜在的兴奋性毒素，过量将导致神经细胞的死亡，其毒性作用呈剂量依赖性。

Glutamate is the predominant excitatory nerve transmitter substances but a potential excitotoxin in the same time owing to causing damage even death of nerve cells when it is overdosed .

结论：谷氨酸是诱发癫病发作的主要兴奋性神经递质，而γ－氨基丁酸有阻抑中枢神经元异常放电的作用，减缓癫痫发作。

Conclusion Gin is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter induced epileptic seizures , but GABA plays a role to suppress abnormal nervous discharge of central neurons , and to reduce epileptic seizures .

胆囊对兴奋性神经递质和胃肠激素反应减弱是引起糖尿病胆囊运动迟滞的主要原因。

The decrease in the magnitude of the contractile responses to neurotransmitter and gut hormone with no change in the sensitivity to them in diabetes mellitus can led to the gallbladder hypomotility .