俄国农奴制度

俄国农奴制度的形成及其特点

The Shaping and the Characteristics of Russian Serfdom

但在俄国农奴制度16世纪末确立之后，农村公社本身也为封建主义所改造，反过来它又成为维护和加强俄国农奴制度的有力工具。

However , with its establishment by the end of the16th century , the primitive communes had been changed by the feudalism and became powerful tools in defensing and enforcing the serf system in Russia .

俄国的农奴制度与农村公社

The Serf System and the Primitive Commune in Russia

民粹主义作为落后农民国度的特有现象，是俄国沙皇专制农奴制度走向危机和资本主义薄弱发展的产物。

As a particular phenomena in backward agricultural country , populism was the result of lessdeveloped capitalism and the crisis of autocracy and serf system in russia .

本文认为，俄国传统的农村公社制约和延缓了俄国农奴制度的形成，迫使俄国封建主阶级以国家立法的形式，造成了独具特点的俄国农奴制度；

The traditional Russian communes restrained and relegated the formation of the serf system in Russia and forced the Russian feudal class to have set up the unique serf system by means of the national legislations .