地表径流

基于GIS的乌江流域地表径流模拟研究

Simulation of Surface Runoff of Wujiang Watershed Based on GIS

地表径流中K、Na流失量分析及其影响因素研究

Analysis on K and Na Losses in Surface Runoff and Study on Its Effective Factors

福建省地表径流N、P流失系数的测算

The measurement of N and P loss from earth 's surface path flow water in Fujian Province

结果表明，合理而有效的施肥方法可以作为农田地表径流N、P污染的田间控制技术。

The result showed that rational fertilizer application could control nitrogen and phosphorus pollution loading from farmland runoff .

结果表明，农田径流N、P的流失量与肥料投入水平有一定的正相关性，施肥后土壤地表径流中总P浓度比未施肥前成倍增加。

The results show that excessive application of fertilizer was the primary cause of nitrogen and phosphorus loss from the farmland .

降水量较大的月份地表径流中TOC浓度较高。

The TOC concentration in runoff was much higher during high precipitation months .

采用模拟实验的方法，研究了不同施肥方法、不同肥料配方对土壤地表径流N、P流失的影响。

By means of simulation test , the effects of different fertilizer application methods , different compound fertilizers on the farmland nitrogen and phosphorus losses were studied in this paper .

与仅用1∶25000比例尺的DEM计算的结果对照分析发现，文章所用的方法更能精确模拟出地表径流。

Compared with using 1 ∶ 25 000 scale gird-DEM only , this method can accurately simulate the surface runoff .

介绍基于地表径流漫流模型从数字高程模型（DEM）提取水系的一系列算法。

A set of algorithms for extracting drainage network from digital elevation model ( DEM ) based on ground water overflow model is introduced .

结合基于遥感数据获得的土地利用结果与SCS水文模型，在GIS环境下模拟了深圳地区城市化不同阶段土地利用变化对地表径流深度的影响。

By integrating remote sensing data and SCS hydrological model under the GIS environment , the impact of land-use change on surface runoff in Shenzhen region is studied .

在分析对比基于数字高程模型（DEM）自动提取水系算法的基础上，针对地表径流模型数据预处理中存在的问题，提出了相应的解决方案。

In this paper , a new solution for data conditioning procedures in surface runoff model is proposed after comparing several automatic extracting approaches based on DEM .

大陆地壳风化物质以及地表径流的Sr同位素组成变化揭示了不同流域盆地的地质背景和风化作用的特征。

The isotopic composition of Sr in weathering products of the continental crust and surface runoff can reveal the geological background and weathering characteristics of different drainage basins .

植被LAI增加会使得热带地区各个季节的土壤表面蒸发、地表径流减小，而土壤湿度有所增加；

In the tropics , larger LAI leads to smaller soil evaporation and land surface runoff , but larger soil moisture in all seasons .

介绍了基于GIS的高尔夫球场绿地规划的具体步骤，并详细介绍了土地适宜性分析、地形地貌分析、地表径流模拟演示等模型的建立过程。

Concrete step of greenbelt planning of golf course based on GIS is focused in this paper . The processes of land suitability evaluation analyzing , terrain and physiognomy analyzing and surface runoff simulation demonstration are detailedly introduced .

本论文还在排水管网GIS数据库基础上，对如何利用GIS数据来建立水动力学模型、建立地表径流和降雨入渗流模型、进行污水模拟和实现模型的率定、验证进行了初步的探讨。

The thesis discuss primarily how to build the hydrodynamic model 、 surface runoff 、 rainfall dependent inflow infiltration and sewage simulation and the calibration and the validate of the hydrodynamic model on the drainage pipe networks GIS database .

对于同期地表径流事件，常熟囊水型水稻土地表径流中DP和TP浓度均高于安镇爽水型水稻土。

Dissolved P and TP concentration in runoff from the waterlogged paddy soil were greater than from the permeable paddy soil , respectively if the runoff event occurred at the same period .

在利用1∶25000比例尺的DEM数据的基础上，结合子流域界数据和河流数据对地表径流进行模拟，提取流域要素。

This paper utilizes DEM data of 1 ∶ 25 000 scales , combined with sub-drainages area data and river data to simulate the surface water runoff , to extract information about drainage area .

在不同降雨特征条件下，产流量、土壤侵蚀量之间差异极显著（P0.01）。（2）地表径流氮磷各形态浓度均随着时间的推移，总体上呈波浪式下降的趋势。

Runoff and soil erosion reached extremely remarkable level ( P 0.01 ) under the influence of rainfall characteristics . ( 2 ) Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of surface runoff decreased as a whole with time .

地表径流主要由蓄满（Dunne）和超渗产流（Horton）机制产生；

Surface runoff is mainly generated by two mechanisms , infiltration excess ( Horton ) runoff and saturation excess ( Dunne ) runoff ;

在雨季，这些田地中的地表径流中就会带有大量的营养元素（N、P、K等）进入入滇河道，最终排入滇池，成为滇池入湖污染负荷的第二大污染源。

In rainy seasons , a lot of nutrients ( N , P , K , and so on ) enter rivers from those fields through surface runoff , and get into Dian Lake at last , making agricultural pollution the second largest pollution source of Dian Lake .

不同植被覆盖度下坡面地表径流中颗粒态磷和TP的含量，随着植被覆盖度增大而减少，但径流中Ortho-P的含量则随着覆盖度的增加而增加。

With the plant cover degree increasing , the content of particulate phosphorus and TP of surface runoff decreased slowly but that of ortho-P increased slowly .

淅川地区河流水体中的PAHs主要来自底泥沉积物的释放，部分来自地表径流和大气干湿沉降；而HCH和DDE主要来自底泥或沉积物的释放。

PAHs 、 HCH and DDE in the river of Xichuan mainly from the sediment release , but part of the PAHs also from the runoff and dry or wet atmosphere sedimentation . 6 .

通过观测地表径流中溶解态反应磷（DRP）、生物可利用磷（BAP）可以监测土壤磷素流失程度。

The quantities of soil phosphorus loss can be effectively received through long-term observation for soil surface runoff concentrations of dissolved reactive phosphorus ( DRP ) and bioavailable phosphorus ( BAP ) .

计算结果表明，海滦河流域生态需水量为124×108m3，约占流域地表径流总量的54%。

The calculated result shows that eco-environmental water demand in Haihe and Luanhe Basin is 12.4 billion m3 , about 54 % of total basin surface runoff .

滇池面源污染物主要是N、P、COD和BOD5，来源于水土流失、湖面直接进入、地表径流、农田不合理施肥以及农村生活废弃物及乡镇企业污染。

The main pollutants of the Dianchi Lake are Nitrogen , Phosphorous , COD and BOD 5 , which come from water and soil erosion , direct entrance to lake surface , rainwash , unreasonable fertilizing , wastes from rural life and the pollution of village and township enterprises .

结果表明：污染物排放主要集中在降雨较多的6～9月份，TN、TP排放约占全年总排放的97.5%及93.6%，且农田地表径流氮磷含量与化肥施用存在明显的正相关性。

The pollutants discharged much more from June to September , during this time , the N loss and P loss were 97.5 % and 93.6 % of the total annual discharge , the pollutant concentrations in runoff water had positive correlations with the fertilizer application .

降雨量和平均降雨强度两因子对土壤侵蚀量影响不显著，土壤侵蚀量与地表径流深在封禁期前4a内能建立回归方程。

A regression equation for the relationship between runoff depth and rainfall amount was established , and the critical rainfall amount that can induce runoff was found to be 15.85 mm . Rainfall amount and mean rainfall intensity did not significantly influence soil erosion amount .

该文应用自行设计的改进MINQL微机模型对该地区地表径流中铝形态的动力学变化规律进行了分析，得出有价值的结论。

The paper presented valuable conclusion by self designed PC moder of MINQL for the analysis of dynamic law of Aluminum in surface water .

大气降水、穿透雨、25cm和50cm土壤水中TOC浓度随降水量的增加而规律性递减，树干流和地表径流中TOC浓度与大气降水量之间无明显相关关系；

The TOC concentration in precipitation , throughfall , and soil solution ( 25 and 50 cm depths ) decreased with increasing precipitation , and no significant relationship existed between the TOC concentrations in stemflow , surface runoff and precipitation .

在实施人工降雨2h，平均入渗率为86%之后，入渗率由于地表径流的增加而随时间逐渐减少，一段时间（6h）之后，入渗率降到一个相对稳定值（50%）；

The average percentage of infiltration during the first 2 hours is 86 % , it reduces gradually with time later because of the increase of the surface runoff . The average percentage of infiltration drops to a relatively stable value ( 50 % ) 6 hours later .