膝状神经节

成年豚鼠膝状神经节及螺旋神经节细胞的体外培养

Experimental Study on Methods for Primary Culture of Geniculate Ganglion Cells and Spiral Ganglion Cells of Adult Guinea Pigs

匙突是耳科手术的重要解剖标志，膝状神经节至匙突的距离经测量为2.79±0.39mm。

The cochleariform process was an important landmark in middle ear surgery . The distance between the cochleariform process and geniculate ganglion was 2.79 ± 0.39 mm .

结果CT显示，27例患者造影剂最终显影于面神经转折处，即膝状神经节处，9例显示造影剂达内耳道底附近。

Results Metrizamide was shown at the turning point of the facial nerve in 27 patients and was shown near the bottom of internal auditory meatus in the others .

RamsayHunt综合征较易累及迷路段和膝状神经节。

Labyrinthine segment and ganglion geniculi are more susceptible to Ramsay Hunt syndrome .

结果①岩浅大神经（GSPN）从膝状神经节内侧发出，长度为（6.56±0.18）mm；

Results ① GSPN sends out from the knee form nerve stanza seamy side , the length is ( 6.56 ± 0.18 ) mm ;

目的：研究成年豚鼠面神经膝状神经节解剖。

Objective : To investigate anatomy of geniculate ganglion in adult guinea pig .

目的应用后、上鼓室联合径路面神经减压技术治疗损伤部位在膝状神经节及近侧端的周围性面瘫患者，并观察其疗效。

To discuss the application of facial nerve decompression by combined posterior tympanum and epitympanum approach and to observe the outcomes .

面神经包含运动神经纤维和感觉神经纤维，支配耳廓后部的面神经感觉神经元位于膝状神经节。

Facial nerve consists of motor and sensory fibers . Sensorial neurons of facial nerve , innervating the posterior auricle , are located in the geniculate ganglion .

选取状态良好的生长期进行神经元细胞的免疫荧光鉴定。结果：成年豚鼠的膝状神经节与面神经主干相比没有明显膨大，不易定位。

Neurons are identified by immunofluorescence method . Result : Geniculate ganglion of adult guinea pig has no obvious enlargement in diameter compared with facial nerve trunk .

结果：8.3%面神经迷路段和膝状神经节骨管型缺如，面神经裂孔到膝神经节的距离变异较大。

Result : It is demonstrated that 8.3 % geniculate ganglion and labyrinth segment of facial nerve Variation which distance from hiatus of facial nerve to geniculate ganglion is distinct .

结果：①岩大神经是磨除颞骨岩部十分重要的标志，通过它可以定位岩部颈内动脉、耳蜗和膝状神经节；

Results : ① The greater superficial petrosal nerve was an important landmark in drilling petrous bone . Backing it we can find out the intrapetrous carotid artery ( ICA ), cochlear and geniculate ganglion ( GG );

受累情况为鼓室段、膝状神经节各5例，乳突段、迷路段各2例，颅内脑池段、内听道段及颅外腮腺段各1例。

Tumors involved tympanic segment and anterior genu in 5 cases of each , mastoid and labyrinthine segment in 2 cases of each , cerebellopontine angle cistern , internal auditory canal and intraparotid gland segment in 1 case of each .

方法：对12例外伤性面瘫的病例施行手术治疗，损伤部位于面神经迷路段及膝状神经节周围3例次、水平段6例次、垂直段4例次、颅内段1例次。

Methods : 12 cases of traumatic facial paralysis undergone surgical treatment . 3 cases showed injuries to the labyrinthine segment of nerve and geniculate ganglion , 6 cases to tympanic segment , 4 cases to mastoid segment and 1 case to intracranial segment .

膝状神经节（4/4）和迷路段（3/4）的异常强化相对多见，内听道末段、鼓室段和乳突段各有2例异常强化。

Abnormal enhancement of ganglion geniculi ( 4 / 4 ) and labyrinthine segment ( 3 / 4 ) was relatively frequent , abnormal enhancement of distal part of internal auditory segment , tympanic segment , and mastoid segment was seen in 2 cases , respectively .